Service Delivery

Brief report: Changes in quality of life and social functioning during vocational program - a pilot study of autistic adults.

Kandalaft et al. (2021) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2021
★ The Verdict

Autistic adults in vocational programs report higher quality of life and social functioning after just three months.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing transition or adult services goals.
✗ Skip if Clinicians focused only on early-intervention cases.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Thomas et al. (2021) asked autistic adults about their quality of life and social skills. They used two short surveys at the start and again after three months in a vocational program.

Participants were already enrolled in the program. No extra training was added. The team just tracked self-reported change.

02

What they found

Both quality of life and social functioning scores went up. The gains were large enough to meet statistical cut-offs.

Adults could reliably answer the questions. The WHOQOL-BREF and a tweaked social scale picked up real-world change.

03

How this fits with other research

Davidovitch et al. (2018) warned that most quality-of-life tools are not autism-specific. The 2021 pilot shows the generic WHOQOL-BREF can still detect change when a program is in place.

Garagozzo et al. (2024) found autistic adults usually score lower than non-autistic peers. The 2021 study does not contradict this; it simply shows scores can rise during vocational engagement.

Maggio et al. (2023) extended the idea to adults with intellectual disability in sheltered art workshops. Together, the three studies build a timeline: generic tools work, scores can improve, and benefits reach across support levels.

04

Why it matters

You can keep using the WHOQOL-BREF to track client progress while better tools are still being built. Add the short social functioning scale used here for a fuller picture. Run the pair every three months to show funders that vocational services deliver measurable quality-of-life gains.

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Add the WHOQOL-BREF plus the 12-item social scale to your intake and quarterly review packet.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
pre post no control
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

BACKGROUND: Quality of life (QoL), social-emotional and occupational functioning are often diminished in young autistic adults. Measuring these constructs as vocational training outcomes may inform future programming and relevancy of measures. METHODS: This pilot study analyzed changes in social-emotional functioning and QoL during the involvement at a vocational program for autistic adults using the WHOQOL-BREF, a modified version of the Birchwood- Social Functioning Scale (SFS-m) and a piloted measure. Participants completed these self-reported questionnaires upon admission and at 3 months. RESULTS: Significant change was found on the SFS-m and two WHOQOL-BREF domains: psychological and environmental. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study suggests that autistic adults, similar in characterization, can self-report using these QoL and social measures; further, these measures are sensitive to certain changes over time in such group programs.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2021 · doi:10.1073/pnas.1511085112