Preschool Teachers' Perceptions and Use of Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Intervention Strategies: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Investigation.

D'Agostino et al. (2025) asked preschool teachers what they think about naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions.

The team used surveys and follow-up interviews. They wanted to know how teachers use these playful, child-led strategies every day.

Teachers said, "We like NDBI." They saw it as warm and respectful.

Yet many added, "We need clearer steps and someone to watch us do it." Without coaching, they were unsure their timing was right.

D'Agostino et al. (2020) already showed a fix. Their brief telehealth package—online module plus Zoom feedback—gave teachers high fidelity. The new study sounds like a step back, but it is not. R et al. simply asked teachers who had not received that telehealth package.

Lane et al. (2020) stretched the same ideas to older, minimally verbal students. Positive gains there remind us the strategies travel across ages.

Pettingell et al. (2022) found teachers pick naturalistic tactics when they feel confident and supported. R et al. echoes the confidence gap and adds the call for hands-on coaching.

If you coach preschool staff, skip the one-off workshop. Offer short videos of their own lessons plus quick Zoom feedback, just like Sophia’s team. Start with one routine—say, block play—and script two response options. When teachers feel the timing click, confidence grows and kids get more learning moments every day.