Impact of SMART Board technology: an investigation of sight word reading and observational learning.
Constant time delay on a SMART Board teaches sight words to students with moderate ID and lets them pick up classmates' words for free.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Three students with moderate intellectual disability sat at a SMART Board. The teacher showed a sight word. After three seconds the board spoke the word. This is constant time delay.
The kids took turns at the board. Each child learned his own set of words while the others watched.
What they found
Every student mastered his personal word list. The bonus: kids also read many words taught only to their classmates. Observational learning happened without extra teaching.
How this fits with other research
Minutoli et al. (2024) seems to disagree. In their single case a six-year-old with autism learned receptive labels faster with flashcards than with a tablet. The tasks differ: they tested 'touch the cat' while C et al. tested 'read the word.' Different skills, different kids, so both can be true.
Kim et al. (2014) used tablets to show Social Stories to high schoolers with ID. Disruptive behavior dropped and engagement rose. Both studies show classroom tech helps students with ID when paired with clear ABA steps.
Urrea et al. (2024) reviewed thirteen tech vocabulary studies for children with autism. Results were mixed: five positive, six mixed, one negative, one null. The review includes many devices and diagnoses; C et al.'s tight SMART Board plus CTD package sits at the positive end of that wide range.
Why it matters
If you run small reading groups for students with ID, try a SMART Board and a three-second delay. You get two lessons for the price of one: direct teaching plus peer observation. Check that each learner can see the screen and hear the audio. Start with five words per child and let the group watch every turn.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
The effects of SMART Board technology, an interactive electronic whiteboard, and a 3s constant time delay (CTD) procedure was evaluated for teaching sight word reading to students with moderate intellectual disabilties within a small group arrangment. A multiple probe design across three word sets and replicated with three students was used to evaluate the effectiveness of SMART Board technology on: (a) reading target grocery words; (b) matching grocery item photos to target grocery words; (c) reading other students' target grocery words through observational learning; and (d) matching grocery item photos to observational grocery words. Results support use of this tool to teach multiple students at one time and its effects on observational learning of non-target information.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2007 · doi:10.1007/s10803-007-0361-9