Group instruction with profoundly retarded persons: acquisition, generalization, and maintenance of a remunerative work skill.
Group BST with assigned trainer roles can teach adults with profound ID a paid vocational skill right in the classroom without extra chaos.
01Research in Context
What this study did
The team ran group lessons inside a classroom for adults with profound intellectual disability. Each adult had a job: some stamped envelopes, others handed out materials or checked quality.
Trainers gave brief instructions to the whole group, then coached each worker one-by-one while the rest kept working. No one left the room and no extra staff were added.
What they found
Every adult learned to stamp envelopes quickly and neatly. They kept the skill during breaks and earned real money for each correct stamp.
Noise and problem behavior did not rise. The class ran the same stamp job for months with almost no extra help.
How this fits with other research
Conant et al. (1984) used the same BST steps three years earlier to teach menstrual care to women with ID. Rutter et al. (1987) simply swapped the target skill from self-care to paid work.
Attwood et al. (1988) copied the group format with younger multihandicapped kids, but aimed for social skills instead of vocational ones. Both studies kept the brief, embedded lesson style.
Lawer et al. (2009) later stretched BST further, teaching adults with ID to report bad staff behavior. The method keeps working as long as you break the skill into small, modeled steps.
Why it matters
You can turn any classroom task into a paid job without hiring extra aides. Pick a simple product, assign roles, and run quick group instruction. The same routine teaches the skill, keeps it going, and brings in cash.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
We evaluated a group instruction program for teaching a vocational skill to profoundly retarded adults. The program involved designated trainer roles and both individual student-directed and total group-directed procedures. Results indicated that, following the program, participants acquired the skill of stamping addresses on envelopes, the skill generalized across an untrained type of envelope, and the skill maintained over time. The group activity was incorporated into the regular classroom without increased disruption and the participants earned a wage for their productivity. Implications for the development of a group instruction technology for severely handicapped persons are discussed.
Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1987 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1987.20-97