An expansion of the peer-tutoring paradigm: cross-age peer tutoring of social skills among socially rejected boys.
Train rejected boys as cross-age social-skills tutors and both groups gain friends.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Four boys who were left out by peers became tutors for younger kids. The older boys learned social skills through behavioral skills training. Then they taught these skills to the younger students during recess.
Researchers watched the boys before, during, and after the program. They counted how many positive social actions each boy showed.
What they found
All four boys started more positive talks with peers. The gains stayed strong five weeks later. Both the older tutors and younger tutees improved their social play.
How this fits with other research
Thompson et al. (1974) first showed cross-age tutoring works for math facts. Hagopian et al. (1999) took the same idea and applied it to social skills instead of arithmetic.
Gladstone et al. (1975) proved high-schoolers can learn ABA teaching skills through BST. The current study mirrors that training but uses it for peer tutoring.
Edgemon et al. (2020) and Bacon-Prue et al. (1980) both used BST to teach job-interview skills to teens. Hagopian et al. (1999) shows BST can also teach playground social skills.
Why it matters
You can turn rejected students into helpers. Train them with BST, pair them with younger peers, and watch social skills grow on both sides. Start small: pick one rejected student, teach three key social behaviors, and let them practice by coaching a younger child at recess.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
We examined the effects of a cross-age peer-tutoring program on the social skills of 2 sixth-grade and 2 kindergarten socially rejected and isolated boys. Peer tutoring consisted of the older boys conducting social skills training with their younger tutees. The frequency of positive social interactions increased for all 4 boys, with maintenance of treatment gains following a 5-week interval.
Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1999 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1999.32-115