Practitioner Development

Pros and Cons of Character Portrayals of Autism on TV and Film.

Nordahl-Hansen et al. (2018) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2018
★ The Verdict

Screen stories can educate or mislead—find out what your families watched and steer them toward accurate, respectful examples.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who train staff or coach parents in clinic, school, or home programs.
✗ Skip if Practitioners looking for direct treatment data or skill-acquisition protocols.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Nordahl-Hansen et al. (2018) watched TV shows and movies that feature autistic characters. They wrote a story-style review about what each show got right and what it got wrong.

The paper lists famous titles and explains how they might help the public understand autism—or spread new myths.

02

What they found

Some shows raise awareness. Others lock in stereotypes like the 'robotic genius' or the 'tragic burden.'

The authors say both things can happen at once: one popular series can educate viewers and still hurt real autistic people.

03

How this fits with other research

Schreck et al. (2016) scanned twelve years of network news and found the same split. TV segments talked more about fad diets than about ABA, so parents left with hype instead of facts. The Anders review echoes that warning but moves from news to entertainment.

Ononuju et al. (2025) counted posts on TikTok and Instagram. Over half held wrong numbers and four out of five pushed negative stereotypes. Their hard numbers back up the Anders worry in a newer medium.

Stern (2024) ran a small study: college kids read a popular novel with an autistic hero. Knowledge scores matched a textbook chapter and attitudes improved. This gives the 'pro' side that Anders promised—media can teach and still feel fun.

04

Why it matters

Families walk in quoting what they saw last night. Ask them which show or post shaped their view. If it spread fear or false cures, show a short clip or article that centers autistic strengths. You become the fact-check they never knew they needed.

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Add one question to your parent intake: 'What show or post first taught you about autism?' Use their answer to pick a brief, factual clip to share next session.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
narrative review
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

Portrayals of characters with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and/or with autistic traits on film and in TV-series are increasing. Such portrayals may contribute in increasing awareness of the condition but can also increase stereotypes. Thus, these character portrayals are subject to heated debate within the ASD-community, but also in the general public at large. Following our recent published study on character portrayals of ASD on film and TV we here address some central issues related advantages and disadvantage of such portrayals.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2018 · doi:10.1007/s10803-017-3390-z