Practitioner Development

Michael and Malott's dialog on linguistic productivity.

Michael et al. (2003) · The Analysis of verbal behavior 2003
★ The Verdict

Skinner’s old toolbox and RFT’s new one both claim to build language—this paper shows the fight so words.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who teach language to kids with autism or run verbal-behavior classrooms.
✗ Skip if RBTs who only run discrete trial programs and never write treatment plans.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Jack Michael and Dick Malott sat down and talked. They recorded their chat about.

They argued about how Skinner's old verbal-behavior ideas fit with the newer Relational Frame Theory.

No kids, no data—just two experts hashing it out in words you can read.

02

What they found

Michael held the line for Skinner. He said autoclitic frames and listener mediation can explain new sentences.

Malott pushed back. He said RFT adds something Skinner missed: how we learn to relate words in new ways.

The talk ends without a winner. You get both sides in plain language.

03

How this fits with other research

Hatton et al. (2004) jumped in next year. They wrote a formal reply that backs Malott’s side. They say relational operants are just old operants under new training.

Palmer (2023) shows Michael might still be right. He uses autoclitic frames to explain English grammar without RFT.

Fushimi (1990) did the same dance earlier. He compared Skinner’s three kinds of “understanding” to Parrott’s network view. Same fight, older date.

de Lourdes R da F Passos et al. (2007) adds Bloomfield to the mix. They say Skinner and Bloomfield both treat language as listener-driven. This gives Michael more backup.

04

Why it matters

You teach language every day. This paper shows out the two big toolboxes you can pick from. Sk reading can help you decide when to lean on Skinner’s autoclitics and when to borrow RFT’s relational training.

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Pick one client. List three new sentence forms they need. Try designing one with Skinner’s autoclitic frames and one with RFT multiple-exemplar training. Compare which plan feels clearer to you.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
theoretical
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

This is an informal dialog between Jack Michael and Dick Malott inspired by Malott's commentary (In press) on Relational Frame Theory: A Post-Skinnerian Account of Human Language and Cognition (Hayes, Barnes-Holmes, Roche; 2001). Topics range from psychologist Skinner to linguist Hockett and from the Skinner box to verbal behavior (AKA language).

The Analysis of verbal behavior, 2003 · doi:10.1007/BF03392985