Practitioner Development

A Quantitative Review of Performance Feedback in Organizational Settings (1998-2018)

Sleiman et al. (2020) · Journal of Organizational Behavior Management 2020
★ The Verdict

Keep giving feedback — it’s still the fastest way to lift adult performance at work.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who supervise RBTs, train staff, or consult in human services and industry.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only work with young kids and never coach adults.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Sleiman and his team looked at 96 real-world feedback programs. They ran from 1998 to 2018 and covered offices, stores, clinics, and factories.

The authors used meta-analysis. They pooled every number to see how much feedback lifts adult job performance.

02

What they found

Feedback won big. The average effect was large to very large, no matter the industry.

In plain words, workers who got clear, data-based feedback routinely doubled or tripled their output quality.

The boost showed up fast and held for months when feedback stayed in place.

03

How this fits with other research

Luna et al. (2026) extends these results. They gave factory workers AI-enhanced video clips plus a short talk. Three of four workers reached safer postures in under a week. Their smaller, high-tech study echoes the big, broad finding: feedback still works when you dress it up with new tech.

Boudreau et al. (2015) gives the why. The earlier review says feedback is just good, old-fashioned reinforcement delivered right after the behavior. Sleiman’s huge numbers now back that story with hard data.

Veenman et al. (2018) ran a similar meta trick in grade schools. They found small-to-medium gains with group behavior plans, while Sleiman found large gains with adult feedback. Different ages, same meta method — together they show behavior science scales from classrooms to cubicles.

04

Why it matters

You already use feedback with staff and parents. This paper says keep going — and tighten it. Give numbers right after the shift, every shift. One minute of graphs plus one sentence of praise can double productivity tomorrow.

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Show each staff their last session’s data within five minutes of the end of shift.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
meta analysis
Population
not specified
Finding
strongly positive
Magnitude
very large

03Original abstract

Researchers have extensively studied performance feedback in the past 40 years. In organizational behavior management (OBM), feedback is a popular intervention component that can effectively increase and maintain performance across settings and target behaviors. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to update and extend the previous feedback literature reviews. This meta-analysis includes 96 applied performance feedback applications from 71 articles published in four journals between 1998–2018. We coded each feedback application for application characteristics, feedback characteristics, and rigor of methodology. We evaluated each application’s effectiveness by visual inspection and by calculated effect sizes. We conducted a meta-analysis for feedback overall and per feedback characteristics for all applications and for applications that used rigorous methodology by adhering to the What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) standards. The meta-analysis results showed that feedback is an effective intervention, consistently producing large and very large effect sizes. Some feedback characteristics produced larger effect sizes more reliably.

Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 2020 · doi:10.1080/01608061.2020.1823300