Trajectory of behavior and emotional problems in autism.
Autism behavior and emotional problems lessen only slightly with age and remain clinically significant into adulthood.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Gray et al. (2012) followed the same people with autism for 18 years. They checked behavior, mood, and autism signs again and again.
The team wanted to know if problems get better, worse, or stay the same as people grow up.
What they found
Small gains showed up. Tantrums, anxiety, and rigid habits eased a bit.
Still, most adults kept clear behavior and mood troubles. The gains were not big enough to drop clinical concern.
How this fits with other research
Fecteau et al. (2003) saw the same gentle upward slope earlier. Their 5-year follow-up also found social skills improve little by little.
Edgin et al. (2017) looks opposite at first. They say new autism cases today are milder than old cases. The gap is about cohorts: Kylie’s group was diagnosed when rules were stricter, so they started with more intense symptoms.
Roberts et al. (2008) add a warning: even if base symptoms ease, one in six adults will pick up a new mental-health diagnosis like OCD or mood disorder.
Why it matters
Do not assume “maturity” will fix serious behavior or mood issues. Keep behavior plans, anxiety screens, and crisis supports in place across the lifespan. Re-evaluate every few years and watch for new disorders popping up in adulthood.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
High rates of behavior and emotional problems have been consistently reported in children and adolescents with autism. Elevated rates of mental health problems have also been reported in adults with autism. Little is known, however, about the longitudinal development of behavior and emotional problems in autism. This study followed a cohort of children and adolescents over 18 years. Outcomes were evaluated in terms of behavior and emotional problems and autism symptomatology. The role of childhood factors (age, gender, IQ, behavior, and emotional problems) and the environment (socioeconomic disadvantage) were considered in terms of adult outcomes. Overall, improvements in comorbid behavior and emotional problems and autism symptomatology were observed. However, rates of comorbid behavior and emotional problems in adulthood remained high.
American journal on intellectual and developmental disabilities, 2012 · doi:10.1352/1944-7588-117-2.121