Autism & Developmental

Successful face recognition is associated with increased prefrontal cortex activation in autism spectrum disorder.

Herrington et al. (2015) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2015
★ The Verdict

School-age kids with ASD can identify faces by burning extra prefrontal fuel, so give brief, active face tasks and watch for mental fatigue.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running social-skills groups with elementary or middle-school clients.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only non-verbal adults or preschoolers.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team scanned kids with and without autism while they looked at faces.

They used fMRI to watch blood flow in the prefrontal cortex.

All kids were school-age and had normal IQ.

02

What they found

Kids with autism showed extra prefrontal activity when they spotted a face.

They still got the answer right, but their brain worked harder.

The extra work looked like a backup plan the brain uses to keep up.

03

How this fits with other research

Faja et al. (2009) saw the opposite: adults with autism were worse at face tasks.

The gap is age, not conflict — kids compensate, adults may tire out.

Kuno-Fujita et al. (2020) add that kids who avoid loud sounds also show extra fusiform face-area activity, linking sensory style to face brain areas.

Wang et al. (2023) show preschoolers look more at eyes when the task is active, proving that task design can pull eye gaze up even before school age.

04

Why it matters

Your client can recognize faces, but it costs mental fuel.

Keep face work short or pair it with sensory breaks.

Use active tasks like “find the matching face” to boost eye contact, and watch for fatigue signs such as slower answers or gaze drift.

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Insert a 30-second “match the face” game at the start of social group, then switch to a non-face task to let the brain rest.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case control
Sample size
12
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

This study examines whether deficits in visual information processing in autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) can be offset by the recruitment of brain structures involved in selective attention. During functional MRI, 12 children with ASD and 19 control participants completed a selective attention one-back task in which images of faces and houses were superimposed. When attending to faces, the ASD group showed increased activation relative to control participants within multiple prefrontal cortex areas, including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). DLPFC activation in ASD was associated with increased response times for faces. These data suggest that prefrontal cortex activation may represent a compensatory mechanism for diminished visual information processing abilities in ASD.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2015 · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.04.008