Prospective relationship between autistic traits and nutrient intakes among Japanese children: Results of the Shika study.
Autistic kids consistently miss key nutrients—track diet like you track behavior.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Hiromasa and colleagues tracked Japanese children for three years.
They used diet records and questionnaires to measure nutrient intake.
Kids with higher autistic traits were compared to peers with lower traits.
What they found
Children with more autistic traits ate less calcium, iron, vitamin D, and B-vitamins.
The shortfalls stayed stable across all three years.
Sodium and magnesium were also lower in the same group.
How this fits with other research
Esteban-Figuerola et al. (2019) pooled 18 earlier studies and saw the same calcium and vitamin D gaps.
Çıtar Dazıroğlu et al. (2024) recently repeated the pattern in Turkish kids, adding lower antioxidant capacity.
Kydd et al. (1982) once declared no nutrient differences, but they used hair minerals, not food records—diet logs catch what hair tests miss.
Matson et al. (2008) showed autistic boys on restricted diets had thinner bones, a real-world echo of the low calcium intake found here.
Why it matters
Low minerals and B-vitamins can affect sleep, bone growth, and energy levels.
You can spot the risk with a quick diet recall at every appointment.
If intake is low, refer to a dietitian and consider a supplement plan before problems show up on a growth chart.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
It is known about food selectivity among children with autism spectrum disorder. However, the nutritional inadequacy among children with ASD is not clear. Especially, long-term evaluation has not been studied. We examined the prospective relationship between autistic traits in children and subsequent nutrient intake in later childhood. We utilized data obtained at two time points from a study conducted in Japan. Participants were 759 Japanese children aged between 7 and 12 years at baseline and between 10 and 15 years in the follow-up. The results showed relatively lower intakes of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, vitamin D, vitamin B2, and vitamin B12 among children with than without autistic traits. Relatively lower intake of minerals and vitamins in children with autistic traits is more evident in later childhood. The results suggest the importance of screening the nutrient intake of children with autistic traits across childhood.
Autism : the international journal of research and practice, 2023 · doi:10.1177/13623613221097487