Autism & Developmental

Pivotal Response Treatment for School-Aged Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

de Korte et al. (2021) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2021
★ The Verdict

Twelve weeks of clinician-led PRT lifts parent-rated social skills in autistic students aged 9-15.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with upper-elementary or middle-school students in public schools.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only toddlers or home-based ABA teams.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

de Korte et al. (2021) ran a 12-week randomized trial. They compared Pivotal Response Treatment to usual school services for autistic students aged 9-15.

Clinicians delivered PRT in small groups at school. Parents filled out rating scales before and after.

02

What they found

Kids who got PRT scored much higher on parent-rated social-communication and adaptive social skills. The gain was medium-sized and beat the usual-services group.

03

How this fits with other research

Stewart et al. (2018) and Harper et al. (2008) already showed that classmates can deliver PRT at recess and get big social gains. The new study extends that work by using trained clinicians and adding parent reports.

Ventola et al. (2016) saw PRT cut repetitive behaviors in preschoolers. P et al. now show the same medium benefit holds for social skills in older kids.

Ashley et al. (2025) looked mixed: peer PRT helped talking but not play. The 2021 RCT gives a clearer win because clinicians ran every session and measured more social areas.

04

Why it matters

You can pitch PRT as a short, school-friendly package. Twelve weeks of clinician-led groups produced parent-noticed social growth in tweens and teens. If you have middle-schoolers who still need social help, slot PRT into their existing schedule and track parent ratings to show progress.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Add two 30-min PRT groups to the week and ask parents to complete a social-communication checklist at week 0 and week 12.

02At a glance

Intervention
pivotal response treatment
Design
randomized controlled trial
Sample size
44
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

Pivotal Response Treatment (PRT) is promising for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but more methodologically robust designed studies are needed. In this randomized controlled trial, forty-four children with ASD, aged 9-15 years, were randomly allocated to PRT (n = 22) or treatment-as-usual (TAU; n = 22). Measurements were obtained after 12- and 20-weeks treatment, and 2-month follow-up. PRT resulted in significant greater improvements on parent-rated social-communicative skills after 12 weeks treatment (p = .004, partial η2 = 0.22), compared to TAU. Furthermore, larger gains in PRT compared to TAU were observed on blindly rated global functioning, and parent-rated adaptive socialization skills and attention problems. Implications for clinical practice and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2021 · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2009.10.013