Autism & Developmental

Physical activity patterns of youth with Down syndrome.

Esposito et al. (2012) · Intellectual and developmental disabilities 2012
★ The Verdict

Youth with Down syndrome sit 81 percent of the day and almost none hit activity guidelines.

✓ Read this if BCBAs serving school-age clients with Down syndrome in home, clinic, or school settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working only with adults or non-Down-syndrome populations.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers strapped accelerometers on the kids and teens with Down syndrome.

They tracked every minute of movement for seven days.

Ages ranged from 9 to 20 years old.

02

What they found

Kids sat still for 81 percent of their waking hours.

Only one child met the daily 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous activity.

Activity dropped sharply after age 13.

03

How this fits with other research

Dembo et al. (2023) extends this work to adults. They give exact cut-points you can use with hip accelerometers on older clients.

Geurts et al. (2008) and Waldron et al. (2023) show the adult fallout. Low activity in youth links to weak bones later.

Miltenberger et al. (2013) and Pan (2008) used the same accelerometer method with autism. They also found low movement, showing the problem spans diagnoses.

04

Why it matters

You now have hard numbers to share with parents. Most kids with Down syndrome move less than one-tenth of recommended levels. Build movement into every session. Even short dance breaks or hallway walks count. Start early, before the teen drop-off hits.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Add a 5-minute movement break every 30 minutes of table work—use music or chase games to boost heart rate.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
pre post no control
Sample size
104
Population
down syndrome
Finding
negative

03Original abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the physical activity patterns of children with Down syndrome. A cross-sectional approach and accelerometry were used to measure the time children with Down syndrome (N = 104) spent in sedentary, light, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Results indicated that adolescents from ages 14 to 15 years were the most sedentary and spent the least amount of time in light and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. A general trend of decreasing physical activity as children increase in age was found. This trend is similar to that found among typically developing youth. Participants in this study were found to spend a majority of their day engaged in sedentary activities. Results indicate that most participants were not accumulating the recommended 60 minutes of moderate or vigorous physical activity.

Intellectual and developmental disabilities, 2012 · doi:10.1352/1934-9556-50.2.109