Autism & Developmental

Investigating Gaze Behaviour of Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders in a Classroom Setting

McParland et al. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2021
★ The Verdict

A two-minute face-look game in class quickly raises how long kids with autism watch faces.

✓ Read this if BCBAs pushing social skills in elementary schools.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only run clinic-based sessions.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team worked with kids in their everyday classroom. Some kids had autism, some were typical peers.

They used a quick operant game. When a child looked at the teacher's face, the teacher gave a small reward like praise or a sticker.

The whole session took only a few minutes and happened right at the child's desk.

02

What they found

Both groups started looking at faces more right away. The kids with autism closed the gap with their peers.

The change was large enough to see without any stats. Teachers could spot the difference during regular lessons.

03

How this fits with other research

May et al. (2015) saw no special face bias in autistic kids. They just watched kids look at pictures. The new study added rewards, so gaze moved.

Wallander et al. (1983) warned that old programs taught odd stare-down eye contact. McParland et al. (2021) fixed this by reinforcing short, typical face looks.

Griffith et al. (2012) also ran a quick single-case procedure in class. They boosted compliance; this team boosted gaze. Same setting, different social win.

04

Why it matters

You can slip this mini-training into any lesson. No extra room, no tech, no long protocol. Just mark face looks with praise or tokens and move on. The child gets more natural social input, and you get an easy way to build eye contact without creepy stare drills.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Pick one student, watch for face glances during math, hand over a token each time it happens.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
single case other
Population
autism spectrum disorder, neurotypical
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

A defining feature of ASD is atypical gaze behaviour, however, eye-tracking studies in ‘real-world’ settings are limited, and the possibility of improving gaze behaviour for ASD children is largely unexplored. This study investigated gaze behaviour of ASD and typically developing (TD) children in their classroom setting. Eye-tracking technology was used to develop and pilot an operant training tool to positively reinforce typical gaze behaviour towards faces. Visual and statistical analyses of eye-tracking data revealed different gaze behaviour patterns during live interactions for ASD and TD children depending on the interaction type. All children responded to operant training with longer looking times observed on face stimuli post training. The promising application of operant gaze training in ecologically valid settings is discussed.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021 · doi:10.1007/s10803-021-04906-z