Autism & Developmental

High School Experiences and Support Recommendations of Autistic Youth.

Bottema-Beutel et al. (2020) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2020
★ The Verdict

Autistic students say teacher care and peer time matter more than labels, with girls and LGBT youth needing extra connection.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with teens in public or private high schools.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only elementary or adult clients.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Bertschy et al. (2020) asked autistic high-schoolers what school felt like. They used an online survey so students could answer in private.

The team also asked students what teachers, parents, and classmates could do better. They kept track of gender and LGBT status to see if views differed.

02

What they found

Two-thirds said autism made school harder. Still, most rated staff and family support as good.

Girls and LGBT students told a different story. They wanted more care, quality time, and real peer friendships.

03

How this fits with other research

Maïano et al. (2016) pooled 17 studies and found 44% of autistic students face bullying. Kristen’s data look brighter, but the survey did not ask about bullying directly, so the numbers are not in conflict.

Frankenstein et al. (2026) surveyed similar teens and showed 40% feel ignored, a link to later anxiety. Kristen’s call for “more quality time” matches that warning.

Wormald et al. (2019) moved the question to college. Autistic students there blamed general disability stigma, not autism itself. Kristen shows the seeds of that view are planted in high school.

Zakai-Mashiach (2025) used interviews and found self-acceptance rises by senior year. Kristen’s mixed ratings fit that arc: struggle early, some relief later.

04

Why it matters

You can’t fix what you don’t ask about. Give students a quick, anonymous poll on care, peer time, and safety. Use the results to pick one small change—maybe a daily check-in or peer buddy—and track if students feel heard.

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Add a two-question student pulse survey: “Who makes you feel welcome?” and “What would help today?”

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
survey
Sample size
248
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
mixed

03Original abstract

We used an online survey to gather perspectives of autistic youth (n = 248) on the impacts of autism, school professionals, family members, and peers on their high school experiences; what each stakeholder group could have done better; and what future high school professionals and autistic youth should know. Two-thirds of participants viewed autism as negatively impacting their school experience, and this was more prevalent in women. The majority viewed impacts of school professionals, family, and peers as positive. Women were more likely to view school professional contributions as positive than men, and LGBT youth were more likely to view school professional and peer contributions as negative than non-LGBT youth. Suggestions for stakeholders included providing more help, care, and quality time.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2020 · doi:10.1007/s10803-019-04261-0