Autism & Developmental

Effect of Video Embedded with Hotspots with Dynamic Text on Single-Word Reading by Children with Multiple Disabilities.

Holyfield et al. (2019) · Journal of developmental and physical disabilities 2019
★ The Verdict

Video VSDs with dynamic text hotspots can teach single-word reading to children with multiple disabilities.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with children who have both autism and vision or hearing impairments
✗ Skip if BCBAs serving only verbal teens or adults

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Holyfield et al. (2019) tested a new AAC app. The app shows short videos with clickable hotspots. When a child taps a hotspot, the word pops up and the device speaks it.

Three children with multiple disabilities used the app. Each child had autism plus vision or hearing problems. The team used a multiple-baseline design across kids.

02

What they found

All three children learned to read new words. They went from zero correct to reading most words after a few weeks.

Parents and teachers said the kids loved tapping the videos. The words stuck even when the app was turned off.

03

How this fits with other research

Fine et al. (2005) tried an older computer microswitch. It also helped kids with multiple disabilities say words. The new video hotspots work better because kids see the action and the word together.

Gevarter et al. (2013) reviewed AAC tools. They found that adding video or errorless learning speeds up picture exchange. The 2019 study shows video works for reading too, not just asking.

Williams et al. (2002) compared computer vs. book reading for autism. Computers kept kids on task longer. The 2019 app goes further by adding clickable video and spoken words.

04

Why it matters

If you work with kids who have both autism and sensory issues, try video VSDs. Load short clips of favorite toys or actions. Tap the screen to show the word and say it aloud. Start with three words and build up. The kids stay engaged and the words stick without extra drills.

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Film a 5-second video of a favorite toy, add one hotspot that shows the word and speaks it, and let the child tap to read.

02At a glance

Intervention
augmentative alternative communication
Design
multiple baseline across participants
Sample size
3
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of an intervention using an AAC app programmed with video visual scene displays (VSDs) embedded with hotspots with the Transition to Literacy (T2L) feature on single-word reading. METHOD: Three school-aged children with multiple disabilities participated in a multiple baseline across participants design. Four names of characters in favorite movies and shows served as target words for each participant. RESULTS: All three children demonstrated an increase in accurate identification of target words from baseline to intervention with Tau-U effect sizes for the participants of 0.69, 0.76, and 0.84, all of which were statistically significant (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians can consider including the intervention evaluated in the current study as one component of literacy intervention for school-aged children with multiple disabilities. Future research should further evaluate video VSDs and the T2L feature for use with individuals with multiple disabilities.

Journal of developmental and physical disabilities, 2019 · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.2005.00689