Autism & Developmental

Decreasing face touching for children with autism spectrum disorder

Halbur et al. (2022) · Behavioral Interventions 2022
★ The Verdict

An unsignaled momentary DRO plus prompts quickly cut face-touching in autistic kids.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with autistic children who touch their faces often.
✗ Skip if Clinicians whose clients already wear masks without issue or show no face-touching.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Halbur et al. (2022) worked with three autistic children who touched their faces a lot.

The team used a short DRO plus gentle prompts. No extra signals were given.

They watched each child across several days to see if face-touching dropped.

02

What they found

Every child touched their face less once the DRO started.

Low levels held up even after the session ended.

The simple package worked without any fancy tools.

03

How this fits with other research

Wilkinson et al. (1998) ran a similar DRO-plus plan 24 years earlier. They also saw big drops in disruptive acts. Their tip: start with short DRO times for high-rate behavior, then make the times longer. Halbur’s team did not test thinning, so that step is still open.

Spinks et al. (2023) used a DR package to cut loud speech in three autistic kids. Same design, same good result. This pattern shows DR packages can hit very different topographies.

Aldakhil (2026) tried habit reversal plus sensory tools for hair pulling. Both studies used multiple-baseline design and both cut body-focused behavior. The difference is the method: habit reversal vs DRO. Having two ways gives you options if one fails.

04

Why it matters

Face touching can spread germs and trigger skin problems. A quick DRO plus prompts gives you a low-cost fix you can start tomorrow. No extra staff or gear needed. Try it during table work or play time and track each touch. If the behavior is high, keep the DRO interval short at first. You can thin later once the drops look steady.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Set a 30-second DRO timer during tabletop tasks; praise and hand a small toy each time the timer rings and the child’s hands are not on their face.

02At a glance

Intervention
differential reinforcement
Design
multiple baseline across participants
Sample size
3
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

AbstractFace touching is a prevalent behavior for individuals of all ages. However, frequent face touching has potential negative side effects such as the transmission of viruses, bacterial infections, and skin infections. The present investigation extended previous research by evaluating a reinforcement‐based intervention package on the reduction of face touching for children with autism spectrum disorder who tolerated face coverings (i.e., masks, face shields). The treatment package included an unsignaled, momentary differential reinforcement of other behavior procedure with prompts. Results indicated that rates of face touching decreased from baseline levels for all three children during 5‐min treatment sessions. Furthermore, low levels of face touching were observed during follow‐up sessions that were longer in duration (i.e., 15 min) across participants. Results support the utility of behavioral interventions on the reduction of potentially unsafe behaviors related to medical routines.

Behavioral Interventions, 2022 · doi:10.1002/bin.1854