Autism & Developmental

Can autistic children read the mind of an animated triangle?

Salter et al. (2008) · Autism : the international journal of research and practice 2008
★ The Verdict

Autistic kids may talk about minds yet still miss the social plot, so test with dynamic scenes and teach in real settings.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing social-skills goals for bright autistic learners who already use mental-state words.
✗ Skip if Clinicians focused on early non-verbal or daily-living programs.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Salter et al. (2008) showed autistic children short cartoons of two triangles moving on a screen.

The kids had normal IQ and could speak.

Researchers asked the children to describe what the triangles were doing and thinking.

02

What they found

The autistic children used mental-state words like "want" or "think" just as often as typical peers.

Yet their stories about the triangles were far less accurate and social.

They missed the subtle social plot the shapes were acting out.

03

How this fits with other research

Kerr et al. (2004) saw a similar pattern with thought-bubble pictures: autistic preschoolers could talk about thoughts but still failed classic false-belief tasks.

Ohan et al. (2015) and Sharp et al. (2010) later showed that Mind Reading software plus practice can boost emotion-recognition scores, suggesting the gap can be narrowed.

Shearn et al. (1997) tried direct theory-of-mind lessons and found no real-world conversation gains, reminding us that lab skills do not automatically transfer to the playground.

04

Why it matters

A child who can say "he thinks" may still miss the real social story.

Probe social understanding with dynamic scenes, not just vocabulary lists.

Pair mental-state language goals with live peer practice so the skill shows up where it counts.

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Show a short animated shape clip, ask "What are they feeling and why?", then role-play the same social story with peers.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
56
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
negative

03Original abstract

Are children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but normal-range intelligence, impaired on theory of mind skills measured by responses to abstract animations in the form of a computerized cartoon? Fifty-six cases and closely matched comparisons were tested. We rated verbal responses according to the length of their descriptions, their appropriateness and the children's use of 'mentalizing' terms. Children with ASD used 'mentalizing' language to describe the animations as well as comparisons, although the content of their descriptions was significantly less appropriate. Performance on this task was not well correlated with standardized measures of parent-reported behaviour or the child's interactions with an observer. The implications of our results are discussed in relation to previous studies that have used this methodology.

Autism : the international journal of research and practice, 2008 · doi:10.1177/1362361308091654