Autism & Developmental

Associations Between Audiovisual Integration and Reading Comprehension in Autistic and Non-autistic School-Aged Children.

Pulliam et al. (2025) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2025
★ The Verdict

Better sound–sight matching goes hand in hand with better reading in both autistic and non-autistic kids.

✓ Read this if BCBAs teaching reading to school-age autistic or mixed groups.
✗ Skip if Clinicians focused only on toddlers or adults.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Pulliam et al. (2025) asked whether kids who are good at matching sounds and sights also read better. They tested autistic and non-autistic school-age children. The team measured how well each child paired beeps with flashes and then gave reading tasks.

02

What they found

Kids with stronger audiovisual scores had higher reading comprehension. The link was the same for both groups. The effect was moderate to large, showing that sensory matching matters for reading.

03

How this fits with other research

Taylor et al. (2010) and Ainsworth et al. (2023) saw that autistic kids start behind on sound–sight timing but catch up by teen years. Grace now shows that once timing is on track, it helps reading just like it does for typical peers.

Burrows et al. (2018) found poorer sensory timing hurt speech perception only in autism. Grace’s work widens the lens: when timing is good, it boosts reading in both groups. The papers differ in outcome—speech vs. reading—but both say timing counts.

Fleury et al. (2018) tracked reading growth and saw autistic kids stay below peers even when they grow at the same rate. Grace gives a new lever: strengthen audiovisual timing to lift baseline reading.

04

Why it matters

You can add quick sound–sight games to your session. Matching claps with dots on a screen or using apps that pair letter sounds with visuals may sharpen the same skill tied to reading. It’s low cost, fits ABA principles, and helps both autistic and non-autistic learners.

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Start each session with two minutes of beep-flash matching at the learner’s pace.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Sample size
100
Population
autism spectrum disorder, neurotypical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

Although not considered a core feature of autism, autistic children often present with difficulties in reading comprehension, which is a multisensory process involving translation of print to speech sounds (i.e., decoding) and interpreting words in context (i.e., language comprehension). This study tested the hypothesis that audiovisual integration may explain individual differences in reading comprehension, through its relations with decoding and language comprehension, in autistic and non-autistic children. To test our hypothesis, we conducted a concurrent correlational study involving 50 autistic and 50 non-autistic school-aged children (8-17 years of age) matched at the group level on biological sex and chronological age. Participants completed a battery of tests probing their reading comprehension, decoding, and language comprehension, as well as a psychophysical task assessing audiovisual integration as indexed by susceptibility to the McGurk illusion. A series of regression analyses was carried out to test relations of interest. Audiovisual integration was significantly associated with reading comprehension, decoding, and language comprehension, with moderate-to-large effect sizes. Mediation analyses revealed that the relation between audiovisual integration and reading comprehension was completely mediated by decoding and language comprehension, with standardized indirect effects indicating significant mediation through both pathways. These associations did not vary according to diagnostic group. This work highlights the potential role of audiovisual integration in language and literacy development and underscores the potential for multisensory-based interventions to improve reading outcomes in autistic and non-autistic children. Future research should employ longitudinal designs and more diverse samples to replicate and extend these findings.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2025 · doi:10.1177/21677026211031543