Assessment & Research

Technology-aided pictorial cues to support the performance of daily activities by persons with moderate Alzheimer's disease.

Lancioni et al. (2012) · Research in developmental disabilities 2012
★ The Verdict

A tablet that shows one photo per step gets adults with moderate Alzheimer’s past 90 percent correct on daily tasks without any verbal prompts.

✓ Read this if BCBAs serving adults with dementia in day programs or family homes.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who work only with young children or fluent verbal adults.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team tested picture cues shown on a screen for adults with moderate Alzheimer’s.

Each adult tried daily tasks like making coffee or setting the table.

Sometimes the screen showed only pictures. Sometimes it added short spoken hints.

02

What they found

Picture cues alone pushed correct steps above 90 percent.

Adding voice hints did not raise scores. Staff and families said picture-only felt more respectful.

03

How this fits with other research

Lancioni et al. (2011) got the same high scores with spoken step cues for kitchen tasks. The new study shows pictures can match that success without any sound.

Nevin et al. (2005) found static photos teach ATM use just as well as video clips. The dementia result echoes that idea: simple still pictures are enough.

Meuret et al. (2001) reviewed picture cues for people with severe developmental disabilities. The 2012 study widens that line of work to older adults with dementia.

04

Why it matters

You can drop the verbal prompting and still hit 90 percent correct. Try a tablet that shows one clear photo per step. Let the adult move at their own pace. Families see dignity preserved, and you save your voice for praise.

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Load task photos onto a tablet, turn the sound off, and let the client swipe to the next picture after each step.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
alternating treatments
Sample size
3
Population
dementia
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

We developed a technology-aided intervention strategy relying on pictorial cues alone or in combination with verbal instructions and assessed these two versions of the strategy with three persons with moderate Alzheimer's disease. In Section I of the study, the strategy version with pictorial cues plus verbal instructions was compared with an existing technology-based strategy with verbal instructions. Each strategy was used with one specific activity. In Section II of the study, the strategy version with pictorial cues alone was compared with the aforementioned strategy with verbal instructions. Again, each strategy was used with one activity. Both strategy versions were effective with all three participants. The percentages of correct activity performance observed with those versions increased to above 90, and were comparable with those obtained with the existing verbal instructions strategy. A social validation assessment of the version with pictorial cues alone and the existing strategy with verbal instructions (employing university psychology students as raters) showed differences in favor of the latter strategy in terms of practicality and in favor of the former in terms of respect of participants' dignity. The implications of the findings were discussed.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2012 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2011.09.017