Assessment & Research

Quality of life assessment in intellectual disabilities: the Escala Pessoal de Resultados versus the World Health Quality of Life-BREF.

Simões et al. (2015) · Research in developmental disabilities 2015
★ The Verdict

Two QOL scales can both be reliable yet measure different things, so match the tool to the question.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing QOL goals for adults with ID in residential or day programs.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only track problem behavior and ignore life-satisfaction outcomes.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Simões et al. (2015) compared two quality-of-life tools for adults with intellectual disability. One tool was the Escala Pessoal de Resultados. The other was the World Health Quality of Life-BREF.

They gave both scales to the same group of adults. Then they checked reliability and validity. They also looked at whether the two scales gave similar scores.

02

What they found

Both scales were reliable and valid. Yet they gave different scores to adults with moderate ID. This means each scale measures a different view of quality of life.

The tools are not interchangeable. Choosing one changes the story you get about a client’s life satisfaction.

03

How this fits with other research

Balboni et al. (2013) showed that caregiver reports can stand in when clients cannot speak for themselves. Cristina’s work adds that even when clients can self-report, the tool you pick still matters.

Pickard et al. (2022) extended this idea by showing how tech adaptations help adults with ID complete self-reports. Their study moves from comparing scales to making any scale easier to use.

Nevin et al. (2005) warned us to ask who, what, and why before picking a QOL measure. Cristina’s data prove that advice is still needed. The two scales pass psychometric checks yet tell different tales.

04

Why it matters

Before your next annual plan, decide what part of quality of life you care about. If you want personal outcomes like friends and daily choices, use EPR. If you want health and environment ratings, use WHOQOL-BREF. Do not swap them mid-program. Pick one and stay with it so your data stay clean.

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Open your last QOL report and check which scale was used. Write the name of that scale into the client’s protocol so future teams keep using the same one.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Sample size
216
Population
intellectual disability
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

The aim of this study is to compare the applications of the Escala Pessoal de Resultados (EPR) and the World Health Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) in quality of life (QOL) assessment of people with intellectual disabilities (ID). A total of 216 adults with ID were assessed (age ranging from 18 to 64 years; 128 people were diagnosed with mild, and 88 with moderate ID). The two scales were administered to each person to obtain their perception about their QOL. Statistically significant correlations (weak to moderate) were observed between both scales. The EPR and the WHOQOL-BREF demonstrated adequate reliability, construct, and discriminant validity in our sample. However, the group of adults with moderate ID scored higher on the WHOQOL-BREF than on the EPR. Results indicated that the two assessment instruments aim to evaluate different measures, and seem to be not interchangeable.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2015 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2014.11.010