Assessment & Research

Perspectives on children's autistic traits in UK-based British and Egyptian/Sudanese communities.

Genovesi et al. (2023) · Research in developmental disabilities 2023
★ The Verdict

Culture and money shape parent answers on autism screens more than broad race labels—check each family’s context first.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who screen or assess children from mixed cultural backgrounds.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only see families that share their own culture and language.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Knaier et al. (2023) talked with British and Egyptian/Sudanese parents living in the UK.

They asked how each group thinks about autism screening questions.

The team wanted to see if culture changes what parents notice and report.

02

What they found

Parents from both groups saw the same traits, but they talked about them in different ways.

Money worries, faith, and family views shaped answers more than the broad label “Arab” or “British.”

Small within-community differences mattered most, not big ethnic boxes.

03

How this fits with other research

Jelili et al. (2022) built a new Arabic theory-of-mind test for Tunisian kids.

Like Elisa et al., they show you must tweak tools for local culture and language.

Loukusa et al. (2007) found kids with Asperger’s can answer social questions yet can’t explain their reasoning.

That pairs with Elisa’s point: what parents report may miss hidden skills if questions are not phrased in culturally clear ways.

04

Why it matters

Before you score an autism screener, ask parents what the item means to them.

Re-word questions so they fit the family’s daily life, not just the manual.

This small step cuts false positives and builds trust at intake.

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Pick one screening item and ask the parent, “What does this look like at your house?” before marking yes or no.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
qualitative
Sample size
39
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

BACKGROUND: While most autism research is conducted in White Western samples, culture may affect perceptions and reporting of autistic traits. We explored how UK-based British and Egyptian/Sudanese communities perceive autism features. METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Nineteen participants self-identifying as British and 20 as Egyptian/Sudanese participated in focus group discussions on child development norms, and individual interviews on items of the Autism-spectrum Quotient: Children's version (AQ-Child; Auyeung et al., 2007), measuring autistic traits. Data were analysed using template analysis. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: Three themes were developed: 1) Value judgements of behaviours; 2) Considerations on differences between children; 3) Problematic interpretations of AQ-Child items. These processes may affect how parents and community members report on children's autistic traits. Cross-cultural comparisons suggested subtle differences in interpretations and judgements, and British participants referred to age expectations and comparisons with other children more than Egyptian/Sudanese participants. However, within-group variability, sometimes attributed to socioeconomic status and generation, appeared larger than cross-cultural differences. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Our findings further the insights on influence of culture and within-community factors on reporting children's behaviour relevant to autism. These can inform the adaptation of screening tools in multi-cultural settings, to promote better autism recognition in communities where it may be underdiagnosed.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2023 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2023.104576