Assessment & Research

Patterns of habitual physical activity in youth with and without Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Castner et al. (2014) · Research in developmental disabilities 2014
★ The Verdict

Youth with Prader-Willi Syndrome move far less than even obese peers, especially on weekends.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing activity goals for school-age clients with PWS.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only adult or non-PWS populations.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers clipped small accelerometers to the kids with Prader-Willi Syndrome and 33 obese kids without the syndrome.

All children wore the device for seven days. The team counted minutes of light, moderate, and vigorous movement.

02

What they found

Kids with PWS averaged a large share less vigorous activity than the obese group.

Neither group hit the 60-minute daily target for moderate-to-vigorous movement. Weekend gaps were largest.

03

How this fits with other research

Carter et al. (2013) saw the same pattern in boys with developmental coordination disorder—lower accelerometer counts and peer gaps.

Cicchetti et al. (2014) looked further ahead. After seven years of rehab, adults with PWS walked with better hip motion and lost weight.

Leung et al. (2017) later showed that simply keeping the monitor on is hard for youth with intellectual disability. Short wear-time can hide activity, so low counts in Whitehouse et al. (2014) may slightly underestimate true levels.

04

Why it matters

You now have baseline data: school-age clients with PWS move less than already-obese peers and weekend drops are steepest.

Start by adding short, vigorous games on Saturday and Sunday. Five-minute dance or chase breaks every hour can chip away at the 60-minute goal without food rewards.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Schedule two 5-minute vigorous movement breaks this weekend and track with an accelerometer.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
64
Population
other
Finding
negative
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

Children classified as overweight or obese and those with disabilities are at a greater risk of not meeting the minimum recommendation of 60 min a day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA). Youth with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) appear to participate in less PA compared to nonsyndromal children, likely due to syndrome-related factors. However, description of PA patterns in youth with PWS is lacking. The purpose of this study was to characterize PA in youth with PWS and to compare it to PA in children with nonsyndromal obesity. Twenty-four youth with PWS (ages 8-16 years) and 40 obese children without PWS (OB) (ages 8-11 years) wore accelerometers for eight consecutive days. Data were screened for compliance and classified into PA intensities: sedentary behavior (SED), light (LPA), moderate (MPA), vigorous (VPA) and moderate plus vigorous (MVPA). Youth with PWS spent 19.4% less time in weekly LPA (p=0.007) and 29.8% less time in weekly VPA compared to OB controls (p=0.036). All other intensities were similar between groups. In addition, PWS participated in less LPA and VPA during the weekends compared to OB, and less LPA on weekdays when compared to OB. There was also a trend towards PWS participating in less MVPA during the weekends and less VPA during the weekends than OB controls. There was a trend towards PWS participating in less VPA on weekends compared to weekdays, while OB participated similarly in VPA on weekdays and weekend days. On average, neither PWS nor OB children met minimum MVPA recommendations. The results suggest there is a need to design exercise programs for PWS youth that focus on integrating vigorous intensity activities, especially during the weekends when structured PA may not be available.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2014 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2014.07.035