Assessment & Research

Naming speed as a clinical marker in predicting basic calculation skills in children with specific language impairment.

Kleemans et al. (2012) · Research in developmental disabilities 2012
★ The Verdict

A one-minute naming-speed test spots which SLI kindergartners will struggle with basic math facts.

✓ Read this if BCBAs doing assessments in preschool or kindergarten special-day classes.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only serve older students or focus on behavior reduction alone.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Tijs and team asked if naming speed can flag math trouble early.

They tested kindergartners who already had specific language impairment.

Kids named pictures fast while staff timed them.

Then the team looked at who later struggled with simple adding and subtracting.

02

What they found

Slow naming speed predicted low math scores even after removing IQ, memory, and grammar.

The link held only for basic facts, not story problems.

Quick naming acted like a red flag for extra math risk in SLI.

03

How this fits with other research

Bradford et al. (2018) found the same red-flag idea works for reading in autism.

They saw slow naming in preschool forecast first-grade reading trouble.

Miniscalco et al. (2010) looks like a clash because they found language delay hurts reading at age seven.

The studies do not fight: Carmela looked at older kids and reading, while Tijs looked at younger kids and math.

Vandewalle et al. (2012) adds that SLI children can split into two paths: some keep up with literacy, others fall behind.

Tijs now shows we should watch math as closely as we watch reading.

04

Why it matters

You now have a 60-second task that tells you which SLI learners need math help before they fail.

Add rapid naming to your intake battery.

If the child is slow, start extra practice with number facts right away.

Catch the risk early and you can close the gap before first grade.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Time how fast the child names a page of pictures; if it is slow, add math-fact fluency goals to the plan.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
160
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

The present study investigated the role of naming speed in predicting the basic calculation skills (i.e., addition and subtraction) of kindergartners with Specific Language Impairment (SLI), when compared to a group of Normal Language Achieving (NLA) children. Fifty-three kindergartners with SLI and 107 kindergartners with NLA were tested on cognitive, linguistic and basic calculation skills. The results showed that phonological awareness, grammatical ability, general intelligence and working memory accounted for the variation in the basic calculation skills of both groups. However, an additional effect of naming speed on both addition and subtraction was found for the group of children with SLI, suggesting that naming speed may act as a clinical marker in identifying those children who are likely to develop problems in basic calculation skills.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2012 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2011.12.007