Assessment & Research

Language in young children with neurofibromatosis-1: relations to functional communication, attention, and social functioning.

Brei et al. (2014) · Research in developmental disabilities 2014
★ The Verdict

Language delays in preschool NF1 foreshadow everyday communication and social struggles, so screen and treat early.

✓ Read this if BCBAs working with preschoolers who have NF1 in clinic or home settings.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who only treat school-age ASD or adults.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Doctors tested language in preschoolers with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).

Parents filled out forms about their child’s everyday talking and social skills.

The team looked for links between low language scores and real-life problems.

02

What they found

More than one-third of the kids had weak language skills.

These children also scored lower on daily communication and social measures.

Even mild attention issues did not erase the language gap.

03

How this fits with other research

Goodwin et al. (2017) saw a different picture in autism. After matching kids by IQ and symptom level, early language delay did not predict worse school-age adaptive skills.

The two studies seem to clash, but they test different groups. G et al. looked at NF1 preschoolers without matching IQ, while Anthony controlled IQ and symptoms in ASD.

Rojahn et al. (2012) backs the NF1 finding in autism: better receptive communication, not grammar, meant stronger daily skills and fewer behavior problems.

Stewart et al. (2018) extend the story to mice: NF1 pups make unusual cries, showing the syndrome hits communication circuits from the start.

04

Why it matters

If you serve a preschooler with NF1, screen language right away. Weak scores today signal trouble with friends and family talk tomorrow. Add brief parent questions about daily communication to your intake. When scores dip, start language goals early; waiting for attention problems to fade wastes time.

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Add a five-item parent form about daily talking needs to your NF1 intake packet.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
pre post no control
Sample size
30
Population
other
Finding
negative
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

In this study, the language abilities of 30 children with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) aged 4-6 years were examined using a standardized measure of language. Relations of language to multiple parental report measures of functional communication, social skills, and attention problems were investigated. Difficulties in core language skills were observed, and more than 1/3 of the children struggled on at least one language index. Language abilities were significantly related to parental report of functional communication, social interaction and communication, and social skills, such that language difficulties may be a risk factor for communication and social interaction challenges and communication-related adaptive behavior in children with NF1. Though receptive language abilities were an area of particular difficulty for many children with NF1, they were not significantly related to parental ratings of social functioning and functional communication. Few significant relations were found between language and parent-reported attention problems, although some trends were noted. Hence attention difficulties in children with NF1 may contribute to, but do not appear to fully account for, language difficulties. In sum, there is an increased risk of language difficulties for young children with NF1, and lab-measured language difficulties appear to relate to everyday communication and social interaction functioning.

Research in developmental disabilities, 2014 · doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2014.06.016