Assessment & Research

Evaluation of a <scp>concurrent‐operant</scp> demand assessment to determine task preference

Lloveras et al. (2020) · Behavioral Interventions 2020
★ The Verdict

A 5-minute picture choice test ranks how much clients hate each task, matching longer escape tests.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who write task schedules or fade demands in clinic, school, or day-program settings.
✗ Skip if Practitioners who only treat purely skill-based goals with no demand-escape function.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Lloveras et al. (2020) built a 5-minute test called the concurrent-operant demand assessment, or CODA.

Clients could touch one of five pictures, each linked to a different work task.

The picture they touched most often told the team which task the client wanted to escape the least.

The authors then checked if these quick rankings matched the break points from a longer progressive-ratio escape test.

02

What they found

For most participants the CODA order lined up with the long PR test.

A five-minute choice screen gave the same task-dislike ranking as a full escape assessment.

03

How this fits with other research

Lattimore et al. (2002) used a paired-task choice to pick the single most-liked job for adults with autism. CODA widens that idea to five tasks and adds PR validation, extending the method.

Jerome et al. (2008) showed that progressive-ratio schedules can rank how much people value social partners. CODA borrows the same PR logic but applies it to work demands, not reinforcers.

Avery et al. (2021) advise running an indirect demand screen first to spot triggers. CODA gives you the next step: a fast, direct ranking once you know which tasks to test.

04

Why it matters

You can now size up task aversion in the time it takes to drink a coffee. Run CODA, line up the pictures, let the client tap, and you have a quick dislike ladder. Pair that ladder with reinforcer data and you can build schedules that swap heavy demands for easy ones right when motivation dips.

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Tape five task pictures on the table, let the client tap for one minute, record the counts, and start the least-tapped task first in the work chain.

02At a glance

Intervention
preference assessment
Design
single case other
Sample size
17
Population
mixed clinical
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

AbstractWe conducted a concurrent‐operant demand assessment (CODA) to identify a hierarchy of preference for demands in 17 individuals who exhibited problem behavior. We presented demands in pairs, with selection between demands serving as the dependent variable. The reinforcing efficacy of escape from the most‐ and least‐selected demands from the CODA was evaluated for 7 participants using progressive‐ratio (PR) schedules. Outcomes from the PR analysis corresponded with the rank order of demands from the CODA. Four of these seven participants were subsequently exposed to a brief CODA with only two items, which consisted of successive presentations of the most‐ and least‐selected demands from the CODA. Outcomes of the brief CODA corresponded with the PR and CODA for 3 out of 4 participants. These results suggest that the CODA might be an effective technology to determine a hierarchy of preference for demands for assessment and treatment purposes.

Behavioral Interventions, 2020 · doi:10.1002/bin.1737