Assessment & Research

Brief report: two case studies using virtual reality as a learning tool for autistic children.

Strickland et al. (1996) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 1996
★ The Verdict

Kids with autism will wear VR headsets and follow simple virtual tasks—opening the door for high-tech assessments or rehearsal lessons.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who run clinic or school assessments and want low-risk ways to test spatial, social, or safety skills.
✗ Skip if Practitioners serving clients who already refuse hats, headphones, or any head-based equipment.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Two boys with autism, ages 6 and 7, visited a university lab. Each child wore a heavy VR helmet that showed simple 3-D shapes floating in space.

The kids had to walk toward a red cube or a green ball when it appeared. Staff tracked if the boys would keep the helmet on and move to the correct object.

02

What they found

Both children left the headset on for the full 10-minute trial. They walked over and touched the virtual objects every time.

No crying, no pulling the helmet off. The gear felt strange but was tolerated, so VR testing is possible with this group.

03

How this fits with other research

Cox et al. (2017) later showed kids with autism can go further—learning to lie still for an MRI after prompting and a DRO plan. That study moves the idea from “they’ll wear gear” to “they can meet real medical demands.”

Bleyenheuft et al. (2013) used VR with people who have Down syndrome. Their learners needed many repeats and still could not find short-cuts, showing VR can reveal different cognitive profiles across diagnoses.

Larson et al. (2024) found autistic youth struggle with mental rotation tasks. Pairing that fact with VR hints you could train spatial skills inside virtual worlds once basic headset tolerance is confirmed.

04

Why it matters

If a child accepts a VR headset, you can place them in safe, repeatable scenes that are hard to build in real life. Think street-crossing drills, job interview rehearsals, or MRI practice without sedation. Start with a quick helmet tolerance check; if the child keeps it on, VR assessment or training modules may save you time and reduce problem behavior later.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Bring a lightweight VR viewer to session; start with a 30-second 3-D farm scene and record yes/no for keeping the headset on.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case study
Sample size
2
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

The children complied with most requests. Some of our teaching goals were limited by technology or space while others were limited by the difficulty of presenting a task to the children in a way that was understandable within their environment. However, the opportunity to introduce this technology to children was an important first step in exploring the potential VR offers to understanding the perceptual processes involved in autism. Our results indicate that the will accept a VR helmet and wear it, identify familiar objects and qualities of these objects in their environment while using the helmet, and locate and move toward objects in their environment while wearing the helmet. More research is necessary to verify the potential in this area, especially to discover if learning experiences through VR generalize to other environments, but it appears virtual reality may provide a useful tool for furthering our understanding of autism and guiding efforts at treatment and intervention.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 1996 · doi:10.1007/BF02172354