Assessment & Research

Brief report: symptom onset patterns and functional outcomes in young children with autism spectrum disorders.

Shumway et al. (2011) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2011
★ The Verdict

Regression history does not predict current skill level in preschoolers with ASD.

✓ Read this if BCBAs writing intake reports or explaining prognosis to families.
✗ Skip if Clinicians only treating school-age or adult clients.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team sorted preschoolers with autism into four onset groups.

Early-onset, regression, plateau, and no-loss/no-plateau.

They then checked if any group looked different today in language, play, or social skills.

02

What they found

No group scored higher or lower than the others.

Kids who lost words at two played, talked, and socialized just like kids who never regressed.

Onset style told us nothing about current ability.

03

How this fits with other research

Sharp et al. (2010) saw the same four groups one year earlier yet claimed regression meant worse later severity.

The clash fades when you notice G used different tests and a hospital sample.

Heslop et al. (2007) also reported faster gains in non-regressors, but they tracked change over time, not a single snapshot like Stacy.

Gabriels et al. (2001) already found onset age alone does not predict severity, so the null fit is a quiet replication.

04

Why it matters

Stop using parent stories of word loss to forecast prognosis.

Treat the child in front of you, not the onset label.

Run your standard assessments and plan intensity from today’s data, not yesterday’s history.

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Score today’s VB-MAPP or EFCS and set goals from those numbers, ignoring whether parents say words were lost at 18 months.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Sample size
272
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
null

03Original abstract

This study examined the relationship between onset status and current functioning using a recently proposed onset classification system in 272 young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants were classified into one of the following groups, based on parent report using the Autism Diagnostic Interview--Revised: Early Onset (symptoms by 12 months, no loss), Delay + Regression (symptoms by 12 months plus loss), Plateau (no early symptoms or loss), and Regression (no early symptoms, followed by loss). Findings indicate that current functioning does not differ according to onset pattern, calling into question the use of onset categorizations for prognostic purposes in children with ASD.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2011 · doi:10.1007/s10803-011-1203-3