Assessment & Research

Brief Report: Single-Session Interventions for Mental Health Challenges in Autistic People: An (Almost) Empty Systematic Review.

Adams (2026) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2026
★ The Verdict

Single-session mental-health care for autistic clients is nearly evidence-free despite high need.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who serve autistic teens or adults in clinics, schools, or crisis settings.
✗ Skip if Practitioners who only run long-term skill-building programs.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Adams (2026) hunted for research on single-session mental-health help for autistic people.

They screened every paper published up to 2026.

Only two tiny before-and-after studies fit the bill.

02

What they found

The review came back almost empty.

Too little evidence exists to say if one-shot therapy works for autistic clients.

03

How this fits with other research

Kim et al. (2024) found the same hole in stigma training. Most autism stigma programs are also one-time videos with flimsy proof.

Menezes et al. (2024) show the gap is not hopeless. Their 12-session behavioral activation helped autistic teens feel better, proving brief but multi-session work can succeed.

Delgado-Lobete et al. (2019) explain why single-session options matter. Young autistic adults report stigma and long wait-lists that push them away from care. A one-hour entry point could remove real barriers.

04

Why it matters

You may field crisis calls from autistic teens or adults who will not return for weekly therapy. Right now we have no science to guide a single-session safety plan. Track your own brief contacts and outcomes. Share the data. We need even small case series to start filling this blank page.

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02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
systematic review
Sample size
46
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

Single-session interventions (specific, structured programs that intentionally involve just one visit or encounter with a clinic, provider, or program) have been proven to prevent or reduce mental health challenges and reduce barriers to access. This review aimed to identify and synthesise literature on the acceptability, feasibility, effectiveness, or efficacy of (non-pharmacological) single-session interventions for autistic people. Four databases (Scopus, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and ProQuest) were searched in 12.7.2023, with no date restrictions. Search terms were selected to identify articles reporting on single-session interventions in autistic people. Two raters screened titles/abstracts of 286 articles and full text of 17 articles, resulting in just two included articles, reporting on 46 participants. Risk of bias was assessed with the Quality Assessment with Diverse Studies (QuADS). The two included papers report on specific techniques taught within a single visit to a clinic using pre- and immediate post-intervention questionnaires. One study also reported on cortisol levels pre and post. Neither study reported on acceptability or feasibility of single-session interventions. However, there was insufficient quality evidence to evaluate the effectiveness or efficacy of single-session interventions for autistic people. Although there is substantial research on single-session interventions in the broader population, there is a lack of research into such approaches for autistic people. This is a missed opportunity to evaluate a potential means of support for those at elevated risk of mental health challenges and unmet mental health service need. Future research should co-produce and co-evaluate such approaches as a priority.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2026 · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036626