Assessment & Research

Brief report: CANTAB performance and brain structure in pediatric patients with Asperger syndrome.

Kaufmann et al. (2013) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2013
★ The Verdict

Slower spatial working memory speed in Asperger kids links to smaller fronto-parietal volume and higher autism severity.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who test executive skills or run social skills groups for verbal ASD tweens.
✗ Skip if Clinicians serving only non-verbal or very young ASD populations.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Kaufmann et al. (2013) compared kids with Asperger syndrome to matched controls.

They used the CANTAB spatial working memory task and brain scans.

The team asked: does slower memory response link to brain size and symptom severity?

02

What they found

Kids with Asperger syndrome took slightly longer to find hidden tokens.

Slower speed tied to smaller fronto-parietal brain areas.

The delay explained more than half of the ADOS severity score.

03

How this fits with other research

Koh et al. (2010) first showed the same group struggles on CANTAB visuospatial tasks.

Cardillo et al. (2022) later saw the same weakness using a different drawing test.

McGrath et al. (2012) seems to disagree: their ASD group did mental rotation faster, not slower.

The tasks differ. Jane used quick rotation; Liane used memory search.

Together they show visuospatial skills in ASD are not one-size-fits-all.

04

Why it matters

When a child with ASD takes extra seconds to recall token spots, do not just wait.

Offer a visual map, reduce items, or allow self-pacing.

Track response speed as a cheap proxy for daily executive load.

If speed drops, check for sensory overload or add visual cues.

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Time your client’s CANTAB token search and cut the array size if latency tops 5 s per item.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case control
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
weakly positive
Magnitude
small

03Original abstract

By merging neuropsychological (CANTAB/cambridge neuropsychological test automated battery) and structural brain imaging data (voxel-based-morphometry) the present study sought to identify the neurocognitive correlates of executive functions in individuals with Asperger syndrome (AS) compared to healthy controls. Results disclosed subtle group differences regarding response speed on only one CANTAB subtest that is thought to tap fronto-executive network functions (SWM/spatial working memory). Across all participants, SWM performance was significantly associated with two brain regions (precentral gyrus white matter, precuneus grey matter), thus suggesting a close link between fronto-executive functions (SWM) and circumscribed fronto-parietal brain structures. Finally, symptom severity (ADOS total score) was best predicted by response speed on a set-shifting task (IES) thought to tap fronto-striatal functions (corrected R2 56%).

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2013 · doi:10.1007/s10803-012-1686-6