Assessment & Research

Brief report: Autistic students read between lines.

Fajardo et al. (2024) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2024
★ The Verdict

Eye-tracking can quietly show when autistic readers struggle to read between the lines, but you need more than a few kids to trust the signal.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who test reading comprehension in upper elementary or middle-school students with autism.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working only with non-readers or preschoolers.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team watched autistic students read short stories on a screen.

An eye-tracker recorded where the eyes stopped and jumped back.

Some stories hid a small twist that needed an extra mental step.

The goal was to see if eye data could flag when a reader missed the twist.

02

What they found

Kids looked longer and re-read more when the twist was present.

The numbers pointed up, but the gap was too small to call significant.

With only a handful of readers, the tool looks promising, not proven.

03

How this fits with other research

Robertson et al. (2013) first used eye-tracking to catch slow word processing in preschoolers with autism.

The new study moves the same idea up to older kids and harder tasks.

Kovarski et al. (2019) saw faster, sloppier eye jumps in autism during picture search.

Here, the eyes slow down instead of speeding up, hinting that reading demands override the quick-scan style seen in simple visual games.

04

Why it matters

You now have a quick, silent probe for hidden comprehension problems.

Try adding one twist-inference page to your next reading assessment and watch the eyes.

If the child re-reads more than peers, pause and teach the gap-filling skill right there.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Add one short inference passage to your session, note extra re-reads with your tablet camera, and re-teach the missed inference on the spot.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case series
Sample size
12
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
inconclusive

03Original abstract

Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) tend to struggle with reading comprehension, often resulting in difficulties with inference generation. While most of the previous research has focused on the product of comprehension, we report a preliminary validation of an experimental reading task in English to measure, by means of eye-movements, the time course of generating consistent and inconsistent inferences during reading. The task was tested with a group of 12 students with ASD (age range: 10-15) who showed accuracy differences between inference and control conditions. Participants spent longer reading in the inconsistent than control condition regarding go past times and second pass times and made more regressions into the target and post-target regions, but these differences were not significant.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2024 · doi:10.1080/17470218.2013.850521