Assessment & Research

Automatic Recognition of Posed Facial Expression of Emotion in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Manfredonia et al. (2019) · Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2019
★ The Verdict

Free FACET software turns posed selfies into measurable social-skills data for clients with autism.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running social-skills groups who want quick, cheap progress metrics.
✗ Skip if Practitioners working on non-social targets like toilet training or food selectivity.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Rabin et al. (2019) asked people with and without autism to pose happy, sad, angry, and surprised faces. A computer program called FACET watched each video and counted tiny facial muscle movements.

The same parents filled out a social-skills checklist about their child. The team wanted to know if the computer scores matched real-life social ability.

02

What they found

The autistic group moved different face muscles than the typical group. Their posed smiles, frowns, and scowls looked slightly off even though they were trying.

Kids whose faces differed the most also had lower parent-rated social skills. The computer numbers tracked everyday social problems.

03

How this fits with other research

Lemons et al. (2015) used human judges and saw the same thing: autistic adults posed stranger but still readable faces. Joseph adds FACET software, so you can now measure change without paying raters.

Kuang et al. (2025) pooled 25 brain-scan papers and found weaker left inferior frontal gyrus activity during emotion tasks. Joseph shows the output side—different muscle activation—linking brain and face data.

Libero et al. (2016) tracked kids for 18 weeks and proved facial emotion recognition can improve. Joseph gives you a cheap webcam tool to check if your intervention is actually moving the face muscles.

04

Why it matters

You can run FACET on a tablet with any webcam. Film your client posing five emotions at intake, then every month. If the action-unit scores move closer to typical patterns, your social-skills program is working. No extra staff, no cost, just 30 seconds of video and free software.

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Download FACET, record each client posing four emotions, save the csv file as a baseline.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
quasi experimental
Sample size
185
Population
autism spectrum disorder, neurotypical
Finding
mixed

03Original abstract

Facial expression is impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but rarely systematically studied. We focus on the ability of individuals with ASD to produce facial expressions of emotions in response to a verbal prompt. We used the Janssen Autism Knowledge Engine (JAKE®), including automated facial expression analysis software (FACET) to measure facial expressions in individuals with ASD (n = 144) and a typically developing (TD) comparison group (n = 41). Differences in ability to produce facial expressions were observed between ASD and TD groups, demonstrated by activation of facial action units (happy, scared, surprised, disgusted, but not angry or sad). Activation of facial action units correlated with parent-reported social communication skills. This approach has potential for diagnostic and response to intervention measures.Trial Registration NCT02299700.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2019 · doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3757-9