Assessing communicative-pragmatic ability in telehealth: e-ABaCo in autistic individuals.
The e-ABaCo pragmatic test gives the same results on Zoom as at a table for verbally fluent autistic teens.
01Research in Context
What this study did
Traetta et al. (2025) gave the e-ABaCo pragmatic test two ways.
One group met the examiner on Zoom. The other met in the same room.
All teens could speak in sentences. Half had autism, half were neurotypical.
What they found
Zoom scores matched in-person scores for every teen.
Autistic teens scored lower than neurotypical peers in both settings.
The test works through a screen, so travel is not required.
How this fits with other research
Anbar et al. (2025) tried the same side-by-side setup with the KBIT-2 IQ test. Scores also lined up, but one in four kids under 12 showed a big shift. Traetta’s teens did not show that swing, suggesting the e-ABaCo is steadier for 11- to 18-year-olds.
Đorđević et al. (2016) first used the paper ABaCo with adults who have intellectual disability. Traetta moved that tool online and down in age, showing the leap to telehealth is possible.
Szempruch et al. (1993) showed old pragmatic tests predicted later life skills. Traetta’s online version keeps that long-term goal in sight while saving travel time.
Why it matters
You can give the e-ABaCo over Zoom without losing trust in the numbers. That opens slots for families who live far from clinic or can’t take off work. Keep the age guide in mind: 11+ looks safe, but watch for tech hiccups and have a parent nearby to fix camera or sound.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social communication. Autistic individuals who are verbally fluent, often show difficulties in pragmatic ability, i.e. the capacity to use language and other expressive means, as gestures or the tone of the voice, to convey meaning in a given context. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of various technologies such as videoconferencing and internet for the delivery of healthcare services, i.e. telehealth, has proven to be effective, accessible and safe tools for remote healthcare. However, there are few tools to assess pragmatic skills in telehealth. This study investigates the effectiveness of the telehealth-adapted Assessment Battery for Communication (e-ABaCo), a clinical tool previously validated for in-person assessments, to evaluate pragmatic abilities in autistic individuals. We expect a substantial equivalence in performance for the administration of the adapted version of e-ABaCo compared to the face-to-face one. We compared the performance of 30 autistic adolescents, of which 15 assessed via telehealth (ASD TH) and 15 assessed face-to-face (ASD FtF), with that of 15 adolescents with typical development (face-to-face assessment). The groups were matched for age, sex, and intellectual quotient. E-ABaCo was used to assess both comprehension and production of communicative ability realized through different expressive means, i.e. linguistic, extralinguistic and paralinguistic, as well as social appropriateness. In line with the expectation, the pragmatic performance of autistic adolescents showed a substantial equivalence when comparing the assessments conducted via telehealth and face-to-face modality. Moreover, in line with the relevant literature, there was a significant difference between the ASD groups’ performance (both FtF and TH) and the control group of the adolescents with typical development (CG FtF) in all pragmatic aspects assessed, i.e. the Pragmatic total score, comprehension and production abilities, and all the expressive means investigated. These results confirm the potential usefulness of telehealth assessment procedures, and demonstrate the sensitivity and validity of e-ABaCo for conducting an effective assessment of pragmatic skills in on-line modality in autistic adolescents.
Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2025 · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1568108