Assessment & Research

Assessing clinicians' consultation with people with profound learning disability: producing a rating scale.

Kerr et al. (1995) · Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR 1995
★ The Verdict

A two-part rating scale gives BCBAs a reliable mirror for their consultation style with adults who have profound learning disabilities.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who supervise direct-care staff or who consult in residential and day programs for adults with profound ID.
✗ Skip if Practitioners who work only with verbal clients or who already use a fully validated communication scale.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Prasher et al. (1995) built a simple two-part rating scale. It scores how well clinicians talk with adults who have profound learning disabilities. The team tested if different raters would give the same score when they watched the same consultation videos.

02

What they found

The scale worked. Raters agreed with each other. The new tool gives a reliable picture of both verbal and non-verbal clinician skills during real visits.

03

How this fits with other research

Reiss et al. (1993) tried a similar idea two years earlier. Their scale targeted adults with mild disability and reached only moderate agreement. The 1995 scale pushes the method further by focusing on people with the most severe needs and hitting stronger reliability.

Windsor et al. (2025) later checked every communication questionnaire for people with intellectual disability. They found none had full psychometric backing. That warning makes the 1995 scale’s clean inter-rater data stand out even more.

Jahoda et al. (2013) followed the same playbook to validate the MAGIC scale for group CBT fidelity. Both studies show that careful rater training and clear anchors can produce trustworthy scores in ID services.

04

Why it matters

You now have a quick, two-domain tool to check your own or your staff’s consultation style with non-speaking clients. Use it during supervision: watch a five-minute clip, score verbal and non-verbal items, and agree on one concrete change for the next visit. Reliable feedback loops like this protect client dignity and keep our communication standards high.

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Pick one client session, film five minutes, and rate your own verbal and non-verbal communication using the two domains—then choose one skill to sharpen next time.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
case series
Sample size
8
Population
intellectual disability
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

This paper describes the development of a scale for assessing clinicians' communication with people with profound learning disability. Four psychiatrists and four nurses were assessed completing three simple non-invasive clinical procedures--blood pressure, pulse and axillary temperature--with people with profound learning disability. Videotaped assessment of consultations was performed by three experienced speech and language therapists using a previously designed scale for analysing encounters with people with mild learning disability. This led to the production of a new scale specifically for people with profound learning disability. A significant inter-rater reliability was found between the three speech therapists for total scores (rater a-b, corr = 0.654, P = 0.006; rater a-c, corr = 0.795, P = 0.0001: rater b-c, corr = 0.673, P = 0.004). Significant reliability between raters was also found for the subsections of verbal behaviour and non-verbal behaviour.

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 1995 · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1995.tb00499.x