Assessment & Research

A cross-sectional descriptive analysis of portrayal of autism spectrum disorders in YouTube videos: A short report.

Bellon-Harn et al. (2020) · Autism : the international journal of research and practice 2020
★ The Verdict

YouTube autism videos reach millions yet flunk basic clarity, so always verify online advice with solid sources.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who coach families that search the web for autism tips.
✗ Skip if Clinicians whose caseloads lack internet access or caregiver video use.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The team watched 100 YouTube videos about autism. They scored each one for how easy it was to understand and how useful the advice was.

The videos came from parents, doctors, teachers, and advocates. Together the clips had more than 100 million views.

02

What they found

Every video scored under 70 % on both clarity and action steps. Even clips made by professionals were only a little better.

Families who rely on YouTube may leave with fuzzy facts and no clear next steps.

03

How this fits with other research

Lovell et al. (2012) already showed Google rankings for autism sites jump around year to year. Now Bellon-Harn et al. (2020) add that the most-watched videos are also hard to follow.

Bottema-Beutel et al. (2021) found 84 % of ABA studies hide money ties. Together these papers paint the same picture: autism information, online or in journals, often lacks basic quality checks.

Shawahna et al. (2017) showed most pharmacists feel lost when families ask about autism meds. The new data say YouTube is no safer crutch—professionals and laypeople alike post muddled content.

04

Why it matters

Tell caregivers to treat YouTube like a rumor mill. Ask them to bring any video that “sounds right” to your next meeting so you can check the facts together. One quick review can stop a bad strategy from spreading through the family and the school team.

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Add a one-page handout that lists three vetted autism websites and invite families to send you any video before they try the advice.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
other
Sample size
100
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
negative

03Original abstract

Professionals have expressed concerns about the quality of autism-related information available from Internet-based sources. The purpose of this study was to examine the source, content, usability, and actionability of autism spectrum disorder-related information contained in 100 different videos directed to families of children with autism spectrum disorder uploaded to YouTube. Upload sources were identified, and video content was coded. Understandability and actionability of the videos were examined using Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials. The collective number of views of the videos was almost 100 million. The length of videos was 691.17 min (i.e. 11.5 h) with the shortest video being 30 s and the longest video being 37.36 min. The YouTube videos related to autism spectrum disorder covered a range of issues, although much of the content was focused on signs and symptoms. No difference in content reporting was noted based on sources for most categories, although differences were noted in some categories (e.g. professionals mentioned diagnosis and resources more frequently). Poor understandability and actionability scores (i.e. below 70%) were reported for all videos regardless of video source. However, the videos generated by the professionals were superior in terms of understandability. Study implications and recommendations for further research are discussed.

Autism : the international journal of research and practice, 2020 · doi:10.1177/1362361319864222