Assessment & Research

A computer-based program to teach braille reading to sighted individuals.

Scheithauer et al. (2012) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 2012
★ The Verdict

A simple matching game on any computer can teach sighted adults to read braille letters in about a week.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who train staff or peer buddies for clients with visual impairments.
✗ Skip if BCBAs working only with non-readers or clients without visual impairments.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Four college students with normal vision learned braille through a computer game.

The game showed a printed letter, then asked them to pick the matching braille cell from three choices.

They played 15-minute sessions until they could match every letter perfectly.

02

What they found

All four students mastered the matching game in 4 to 8 hours.

After training, they could read short braille words and still read some words 2-4 weeks later.

03

How this fits with other research

Doughty et al. (2015) and Berrett et al. (2018) used similar computer drills. They taught typing and math facts instead of braille, but all three studies show short daily practice works.

Anonymous (2024) gave barcode navigation tools to adults who were blind and had intellectual disabilities. That study focused on travel, while this one teaches the reading skill needed before travel.

Voss et al. (2019) added sound to toys for kids with visual impairments. Their mixed results warn us that technology can help, but we must watch for side effects like less social play.

04

Why it matters

You can teach sighted staff or peers basic braille in under two weeks using only a laptop. This lets them label materials, read notes, and support clients who use braille without extra staff training costs.

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Download a free braille matching app and run 15-minute drills with new staff before pairing them with braille-using clients.

02At a glance

Intervention
stimulus equivalence training
Design
single case other
Sample size
4
Population
neurotypical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

Instructors of the visually impaired need efficient braille-training methods. This study conducted a preliminary evaluation of a computer-based program intended to teach the relation between braille characters and English letters using a matching-to-sample format with 4 sighted college students. Each participant mastered matching visual depictions of the braille alphabet to their printed-word counterparts. Further, each participant increased the number of words they read in a braille passage following this training. These gains were maintained at variable levels on a maintenance probe conducted 2 to 4 weeks after training.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2012 · doi:10.1901/jaba.2012.45-315