ABA Fundamentals

Using concurrent reinforcement schedules and prompts to produce varied manding: A replication of Seaver and Bourret (2020)

Seaver et al. (2023) · Behavioral Interventions 2023
★ The Verdict

Two-path reinforcement plus light prompts quickly widened mand variety in boys with autism.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running mand training with early-elementary kids who script.
✗ Skip if Clinicians whose clients already show rich, unprompted mand variation.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Seaver et al. (2023) copied their own 2020 setup with three boys on the spectrum.

Two levers sat on a table. Pressing one lever produced a single snack. Pressing the other lever produced a different snack plus praise, but only if the boy asked in a new way.

The team added a quick verbal prompt like, "Use a different word," when the same mand popped up twice in a row.

02

What they found

Every boy started with one or two stock phrases. After the prompt-and-schedule mix, each boy doubled or tripled his mand forms.

The new mands stayed high even when prompts stopped.

03

How this fits with other research

Seaver et al. (2020) tried the same levers first. That study showed the trick works for many kids; the new paper shows it still works for young boys with autism.

Olin et al. (2020) used a lag schedule to make answers to questions more flexible. Seaver moves the lag idea into requests, proving the rule works across verbal types.

Galizio et al. (2020) saw only weak interest in varied play among preschoolers with autism. Seaver’s boys, a little older, jumped into varied mands once the rules were clear. The gap looks like a age effect, not a clash.

04

Why it matters

If a child keeps asking for the same thing the same way, set up two paths: one safe, one that pays extra for novelty. Add a brief prompt the moment repetition shows up. You can fade the prompt in days and still keep the variety. Try it during snack, play, or any time you want mands to grow.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Place two containers on the table; one gives the item straight away, the other gives a better item only if the child uses a new mand—prompt once, then fade.

02At a glance

Intervention
differential reinforcement
Design
single case other
Sample size
3
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

AbstractDeficits in social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior or interests are displayed by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Given this, individuals with ASD may engage with a limited variety of reinforcers. Treatments designed to modify the distribution of manding may allow individuals to contact a broad array of reinforcers that could improve the quality of life for individuals with ASD (Seaver & Bourret, 2020). The purpose of the current study was to replicate the results of Seaver and Bourret (2020) by evaluating the effects of manipulating concurrent schedules of reinforcement, alone and with prompts, on the rates of target manding in three boys with ASD, aged 7–9 years, in the United Arab Emirates. All three participants showed increased target manding following intervention. The findings support the use of concurrent reinforcement schedules and prompts as an effective intervention to produce varied manding.

Behavioral Interventions, 2023 · doi:10.1002/bin.1921