ABA Fundamentals

Understanding cognitive language: The mental idioms in children's talk.

Deitz (1986) · The Behavior analyst 1986
★ The Verdict

Kids' mental words are just behavior you can record once you translate them into cues, responses, and histories.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who write session notes or train self-monitoring with children aged 3-11.
✗ Skip if Practitioners only running non-verbal skill programs with no self-report component.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Deitz (1986) looked at the way kids say things like "I forgot" or "I guessed." The paper says these words are not tiny ghosts in the head. They are just more behavior that happens in a setting.

The author maps each mental idiom to plain behavioral events. For example, "I forgot" equals "I once could say it, now I cannot under these cues." No new brain boxes are needed.

02

What they found

The paper finds kids' cognitive talk can ride safely inside ABA vocabulary. You keep the kid's words, but you redescribe them with observable cues, responses, and histories.

This lets clinicians record "I forget" as data without buying a mind-machine.

03

How this fits with other research

Eilon et al. (2025) extends the idea into autism. They show autistic 3- to 11-year-olds understand verbs like "think" and "know" less well than peers. Theory-of-Mind scores predict how well they get "know." So the words Deitz (1986) calls safe may need extra teaching for this group.

Brown (2025) and Leigland (1987) echo the same move: clean up our talk. Brown wants "lapse" kept separate from "relapse;" S wants one label for inhibition. All three papers push the field to speak in slices everyone can see and count.

There is no clash. Deitz (1986) gives the green light to use kids' words; Inbal shows you may need to train the meaning first. Method difference, not disagreement.

04

Why it matters

You can keep your session notes in the child's own voice without sounding mentalistic. When a learner says "I can't remember," jot the cue, the pause, and the final response. That line is now behavioral data. For autistic clients, check they truly grasp the verb before you treat self-reports as solid. Clean language travels better across teams, parents, and payers.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Next time a client says "I forgot," write the exact antecedent, the pause length, and the prompt level instead of marking 'forgot' as a mental cause.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
theoretical
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

Considerable debate has occurred among behavior analysts about the value of cognitive language for labels or descriptions of phenomena in the analysis of behavior. That value is difficult to assess, however, until a clearer understanding of the definitions of those terms is obtained. To begin that process, this article demonstrates through a series of examples what children mean when they use typical cognitive expressions. One conclusion possible from the results of such an analysis is that cognitive terms describe nothing more than behavior in context, a very behavioral idea. Cognitive expressions may be more suitable to a behavioral analysis than to one derived from the current computer metaphor of cognitive science. The usefulness of these more accurately defined cognitive expressions for the scientific language of behavior analysis is discussed.

The Behavior analyst, 1986 · doi:10.1007/BF03391942