ABA Fundamentals

The use of noncontingent escape to reduce disruptive behaviors in children with speech delays.

Coleman et al. (1998) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 1998
★ The Verdict

Scheduled free breaks slashed disruptive behavior in speech-delayed preschoolers—even when a non-BCBA speech therapist ran the show.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who coach speech therapists or preschool staff serving kids with language delays.
✗ Skip if Clinicians already using full FCT who have full BCBA coverage.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Three preschoolers with speech delays kept melting down during speech therapy.

The speech therapist gave them a 2-minute break every 5 minutes no matter what.

No demands, no tokens, just free play on a set schedule.

The researchers counted how often the kids screamed, hit, or ran away.

02

What they found

Disruptive behavior dropped to almost zero after the first session.

All three kids also started following more directions.

The therapist only needed a kitchen timer and a corner with toys.

Gains held for the whole the study period.

03

How this fits with other research

Perez et al. (2015) later showed parents can run a different plan—FCT over Zoom—and still cut problem behavior a large share.

Gevarter et al. (2021) proved one virtual coaching call is enough for parents to boost toddler communication.

Together the three studies say: you don’t need a BCBA in the room if the plan is simple and the adult gets quick coaching.

Allen et al. (2001) used teacher-led FCT in preschool and saw the same drop in disruption, but they taught the child to ask for a break; here the break came free, yet the result looked the same.

04

Why it matters

If you consult for speech clinics or preschools, hand them a timer and this recipe: break every 5 minutes, no questions asked.

It works even when the adult has never heard of reinforcement schedules.

Use it as a bridge while you train the team on fancier plans like FCT.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Set a 5-minute timer during table work; let the child leave for 2 minutes of toys no matter what behavior just happened.

02At a glance

Intervention
noncontingent reinforcement
Design
single case other
Sample size
3
Population
developmental delay
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

Noncontingent escape (NCE) was used to reduce disruptive behavior in 3 children during regularly scheduled speech therapy sessions. Results showed rapid decreases in disruptive behavior and accompanying increases in compliance across children. Findings suggest that speech therapists with little expertise in behavior analysis can effectively implement NCE.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 1998 · doi:10.1901/jaba.1998.31-687