ABA Fundamentals

The effect of embedded bonus rounds on slot machine preference

Belisle et al. (2017) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2017
★ The Verdict

Hidden bonus rounds pull choice toward one option even when the payoff stays the same.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who run concurrent work or free-play stations and want to steer client preference without extra tangible reinforcers.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working with clients who already show risky gambling behavior.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Adults without disabilities played two slot-machine games at once. One game hid a short bonus round. The other did not. Both paid the same amount over time.

The team switched which machine held the bonus. They watched where players put their bets.

02

What they found

People kept picking the machine with the hidden bonus, even when it paid less often. The extra mini-game pulled their choices away from strict money value.

The bonus worked on both rich and lean schedules. Choice followed the fun extra, not just the coins.

03

How this fits with other research

Pliskoff et al. (1972) first showed that a brief light signaling food can steer pigeons to one side of a two-key cage. Belisle et al. (2017) now show the same idea keeps working when the signal grows into a full bonus round for people.

Macht (1971) proved that short stimuli paired with food can act like reinforcers on their own. The new study uses that power by hiding those stimuli inside a slot game.

Giallo et al. (2006) tried to shift slot choices with written rules. Their results were mixed and weak. The 2017 paper gets a cleaner, stronger shift by adding a bonus instead of words.

04

Why it matters

You can make a task more attractive without raising the pay-off. Drop a quick game, song clip, or animation at rare moments in the work you want boosted. Keep the overall reinforcement rate the same. Clients will flock to that activity even if it pays no better than the rest. Try it next time you need to balance two workstations or shared materials.

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Pick the task you want more of and add a 10-second fun mini-activity after every fifth correct response.

02At a glance

Intervention
other
Design
single case other
Sample size
23
Population
neurotypical
Finding
positive
Magnitude
medium

03Original abstract

Twenty-three university students completed a simulated slot machine task involving the concurrent presentation of two slot machines that were varied both in win density and the inclusion of a bonus round feature to evaluate the effect of embedded bonus rounds on participant response allocation. The results suggest that participants allocated a greater percentage of responses to machines with embedded bonus rounds across both dense (Bonus: M = 68.4, SD = 19.2; No Bonus: M = 51.2; 9.6) and lean (Bonus: M = 48.8, SD = 9.6; No Bonus: M = 31.6, SD = 19.2) reinforcement schedules, in which the overall reinforcement rate across all machines was held constant.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2017 · doi:10.1002/jaba.365