ABA Fundamentals

Stimulus control and the response-reinforcement contingency.

Yarczower et al. (1969) · Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior 1969
★ The Verdict

Timing rules like DRL do not erase stimulus control—test your cues and they will still work.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running DRL or IRT programs in clinics or schools.
✗ Skip if Practitioners who only use dense reinforcement without timing rules.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Researchers worked with pigeons in a small lab chamber.

The birds had to wait a short time between pecks.

If they pecked too fast, no food came.

Colored lights told the birds when the timing rule was on.

The team asked: do the lights still control the birds’ pecks when a wait-time rule is added?

02

What they found

The colored lights kept full control.

Even with the wait rule, birds pecked only when the correct light was on.

Timing rules alone did not weaken stimulus control.

03

How this fits with other research

Haring (1985) extends this idea.

That study shows long pauses (>1 s) make external stimuli even stronger.

Together, the two papers say: timing rules do not hurt control, and longer waits can help it.

Schwartz et al. (1971) also extends the work.

They gave birds an extra key to peck while waiting.

That extra key acted like a toy timer and raised accurate waiting from 10 % to 75 %.

The 1969 paper shows control survives; the 1971 paper shows you can boost timing with a simple extra cue.

04

Why it matters

If you use DRL or IRT schedules with clients, check stimulus control directly.

Do not assume the timing rule will wash out your SD.

You can keep your current cues and still teach slower, spaced responses.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Before your DRL session, probe the child’s response to the SD alone—if control is strong, proceed; if not, tighten the discrimination first.

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
single case other
Population
not specified
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

Pigeons were trained under a schedule in which reinforcement was made available at varying periods of time after a prior reinforcement. The first key peck after a reinforcer was available began a timer and a second key peck, which exceeded a specified minimal time interval, produced the reinforcer. It was shown that a contingency which contains a minimal interresponse time does not necessarily weaken stimulus control by an exteroceptive stimulus.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 1969 · doi:10.1901/jeab.1969.12-561