Sharing the wealth: factors influencing resource allocation in the sharing game.
Real stakes make people share better than fake points.
01Research in Context
What this study did
College students played a sharing game. Some played for real money. Others played for fake points.
The researchers watched how the students split the money or points with a partner.
What they found
Students shared more fairly when real cash was on the line. Fake points led to greedier choices.
Real money made cooperation jump up.
How this fits with other research
Marzullo-Kerth et al. (2011) extends this idea. They taught children with autism to share toys using many examples. The kids learned to share in new places too.
Miller (1976) used a matching method like this study. Pigeons pecked for food in the same choice-based way. Both papers show how value guides decisions.
Páez-Blarrina et al. (2008) also changed the context. They used values-based talk instead of cash. Both studies prove the frame around the task changes behavior.
Why it matters
Your client’s motivation matters. If the reward feels real, sharing and cooperation rise. Use actual items, tokens, or privileges instead of praise alone. Next time you run a social-skills group, pay with real snacks or extra computer time. Watch sharing grow.
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02At a glance
03Original abstract
Students chose between two allocation options, one that gave the allocator more and another participant still more (the "optimal" choice) and one which gave the allocator less and the other participant still less (the "competitive" choice). In a within-subjects design, students' behavior patterns were significantly correlated across the two rounds of decision-making; however, students allocated more optimally when the allocation involved real rather than hypothetical money, suggesting that both motivational context and individuals' personality and/or experience influence preference patterns. The nature of the putative other participant did not affect the allocation: students allocated in a comparable fashion whether the other participant was said to be male, female, or a computer.
Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 2009 · doi:10.1901/jeab.2009.91-337