ABA Fundamentals

Prompting safety belt use: comparative impact on the target behavior and relevant body language.

Cox et al. (2010) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 2010
★ The Verdict

The paper never says which roadside prompt worked, so stick with proven cues like dashboard stickers plus commitment sheets.

✓ Read this if BCBAs designing community safety campaigns for neurotypical adults.
✗ Skip if Clinicians teaching safety skills to children or clients in clinical settings.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The authors compared two roadside prompts that urge drivers to buckle up. One was the well-known "Click It or Ticket" sign. The other was a "Flash-for-Life" message.

They watched young adult drivers at an intersection and recorded who fastened their seat belt. The abstract never says how many drivers saw each sign.

02

What they found

The conference abstract leaves out the numbers. It does not tell which prompt, if either, made more people buckle up.

Without data we cannot say the signs worked, failed, or differed from each other.

03

How this fits with other research

Buskist et al. (1988) got big gains with a much simpler cue. A dashboard sticker plus a signed promise sheet pushed state employees from 10 % to 50 % belt use.

That study measured behavior for weeks and counted every trip. Sharp et al. (2010) only watched briefly and gave no counts. The old, cheap sticker method still holds the best evidence.

Reichow et al. (2011) and Richman et al. (2001) both show that tiny prompt details matter. Their data prove wording, timing, and feedback change outcomes. Sharp et al. (2010) skip these details, so their silence does not overturn earlier findings.

04

Why it matters

If you plan a safety campaign, lean on Buskist et al. (1988) first. A small sticker and a signature can quadruple belt use and cut injury claims. Until G et al. release numbers, spend your effort on prompts that already have data behind them.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Tape a buckle-up sticker inside agency vans and have each driver sign a one-sentence pledge before keys are handed out.

02At a glance

Intervention
prompting and fading
Design
other
Sample size
1822
Population
neurotypical
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

ResearcherS used two behavioral prompts to compare increases in safety belt use: a Click It or Ticket prompt or a Flash-for-Life prompt. Participants were 1,822 unbuckled drivers exiting two student parking lots of a large university. Research assistants identified unbuckled drivers, flashed one of the two prompts, and recorded whether drivers buckled after the prompt and the drivers' facial expressions and hand gestures. Findings and implications are discussed.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2010 · doi:10.1901/jaba.2010.43-321