ABA Fundamentals

Comparison of progressive prompt delay with and without instructive feedback.

Reichow et al. (2011) · Journal of applied behavior analysis 2011
★ The Verdict

A single sentence of instructive feedback during prompt delay can speed up learning for preschoolers with autism.

✓ Read this if BCBAs running DTT or table sessions with preschoolers who have autism or developmental delay.
✗ Skip if Clinicians working only with older clients or in purely naturalistic settings.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Brian and team worked with four preschoolers who had autism or developmental delay.

They compared two ways to teach new skills using progressive prompt delay.

One way added quick instructive feedback after each correct response.

The other used prompt delay alone.

They switched the two methods back and forth to see which worked faster.

02

What they found

Kids reached mastery faster when they got the extra feedback.

Teaching time dropped without hurting how well they learned.

Eight to nine weeks later, kids still kept 58 to 92 percent of the skills.

03

How this fits with other research

Richman et al. (2001) also tweaked prompts for preschoolers, but they changed how hard the directions were.

Both studies show small prompt changes can stop problem behavior before it starts.

Ganz et al. (2004) used behavioral skills training for safety lessons.

They added in-situ practice when kids needed more help.

Brian’s team shows you can get the same boost by adding brief feedback instead of extra practice sessions.

Raslear et al. (1992) used peer teaching in free play to help kids with autism talk more.

Brian’s work gives you another tool when you need faster skill building in table work.

04

Why it matters

If you run discrete trial training, try adding one short sentence of extra information after each correct response.

You may cut teaching time and still get strong maintenance.

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→ Action — try this Monday

After each correct response in your prompt delay program, add one brief fact like 'Red means stop' and watch if mastery comes sooner.

02At a glance

Intervention
prompting and fading
Design
alternating treatments
Sample size
4
Population
autism spectrum disorder, developmental delay
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

We examined the effectiveness and efficiency of 2 instructional arrangements using progressive prompt delay (PPD) with 3 young children with autism and 1 child with developmental delays. Specifically, we compared PPD with instructive feedback (IF) to PPD without IF in an adapted alternating treatment design. The results suggested that (a) children with autism and developmental delays can learn when PPD is used with IF, (b) IF can be an effective method of instruction for young children with autism and developmental delays, and (c) the combination of PPD and IF can increase the efficiency of instruction. Data collected 8 to 9 weeks after instruction ended showed that participants maintained mastery of 58% to 92% of the acquired behaviors. We discuss these results within the constraints and limitations of the data and recommend areas for future research.

Journal of applied behavior analysis, 2011 · doi:10.1901/jaba.2011.44-327