ABA Fundamentals

Multiple time scales is well named.

Gibbon (1999) · Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior 1999
★ The Verdict

Multiple-time-scales theory is too vague to test, so keep using scalar timing models that give clear numbers.

✓ Read this if BCBAs who use timing data to set DRL, DRO, or fluency goals.
✗ Skip if Clinicians who rely on ready-made timing apps and never tweak the model.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

The author looked at two timing theories. One is scalar expectancy theory. The other is multiple-time-scales theory.

He asked: does MTS give clear, testable rules? He checked the math and the data.

02

What they found

MTS has no firm numbers you can check, the paper says. Without numbers, any result can fit.

Because of that, the author calls MTS unfalsifiable. He says stay with older, clearer models.

03

How this fits with other research

Webb et al. (1999) came out the same year and says the opposite. They claim MTS beats scalar theory.

The clash is sharp. Both papers are pure theory, yet one cheers MTS and one boos it. The gap is stance, not data.

Allen et al. (1989) gives pigeon data that fit scalar timing. That study shows the kind of clean curve the target paper wants to keep.

04

Why it matters

When you pick a timing model, pick one you can plug numbers into. MTS, this paper warns, is too loose. Stick with scalar or other models that give hard predictions you can graph for staff and parents.

Free CEUs

Want CEUs on This Topic?

The ABA Clubhouse has 60+ free CEUs — live every Wednesday. Ethics, supervision & clinical topics.

Join Free →
→ Action — try this Monday

Graph your learner’s response times; check if the spread matches scalar Weber’s law (standard deviation grows with the mean).

02At a glance

Intervention
not applicable
Design
theoretical
Finding
not reported

03Original abstract

Staddon and Higa's article is a critique of scalar expectancy theory, and a proposed alternative, multiple time scales. The critique is generally flawed, both factually and logically. The alternative is bewildering in its flexibility, opaque in its quantitative description, and never addressed to real data.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 1999 · doi:10.1901/jeab.1999.71-272