ABA Fundamentals

Further Evaluation of the Use of Multiple Schedules for Behavior Maintained by Negative Reinforcement.

Campos et al. (2017) · Behavior modification 2017
★ The Verdict

Multiple-schedule thinning keeps problem behavior low during FCT for escape-maintained behavior, yet you’ll still need extra steps to get the mand under stimulus control.

✓ Read this if BCBAs thinning FCT for escape-maintained problem behavior in clinic or school rooms.
✗ Skip if Practitioners working with attention or tangible functions only.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Campos et al. (2017) tested two children who hit or bit to get out of work.

First the kids learned a simple sign for "break." Then the team set up a two-part schedule.

In one part every request won a break. In the other part no requests worked. The parts looked the same, so the kids had to notice the hidden rule.

02

What they found

Problem behavior stayed low the whole time. Good news.

But neither child learned to ask for breaks only when breaks were available. The mand never came under stimulus control. Mixed result.

03

How this fits with other research

Miller et al. (2022) ran almost the same setup and got big, fast drops in destructive behavior. They added a quick extinction test and a fading game. Their tweak supersedes the 2017 method.

Boyle et al. (2021) also saw weak discrimination during thinning. They tried natural versus artificial cues. Only some kids caught on. The pattern matches Claudia et al.—schedule thinning alone is not enough.

Rivera et al. (2023) moved the idea into a home chore. They used a chained schedule and parent coaches. One six-year-old dumped trash with zero fits. Their extension shows the plan can work if you pick the right schedule and setting.

04

Why it matters

You can keep escape behavior low with a multiple schedule after FCT, but do not expect the child to know when to ask. Add clear stimuli, probe discrimination early, and be ready to fade contingencies faster. Try the Miller 2022 extinction-plus-fading probe next time you thin.

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Run a 5-minute extinction probe, then fade in a colored card cue so the child sees when breaks are available.

02At a glance

Intervention
functional communication training
Design
single case other
Sample size
2
Population
developmental delay
Finding
mixed

03Original abstract

One potential limitation of functional communication training (FCT) is that after the functional communication response (FCR) is taught, the response may be emitted at high rates or inappropriate times. Thus, schedule thinning is often necessary. Previous research has demonstrated that multiple schedules can facilitate schedule thinning by establishing discriminative control of the communication response while maintaining low rates of problem behavior. To date, most applied research evaluating the clinical utility of multiple schedules has done so in the context of behavior maintained by positive reinforcement (e.g., attention or tangible items). This study examined the use of a multiple schedule with alternating Fixed Ratio (FR 1)/extinction (EXT) components for two individuals with developmental disabilities who emitted escape-maintained problem behavior. Although problem behavior remained low during all FCT and multiple schedule phases, the use of the multiple schedule alone did not result in discriminated manding.

Behavior modification, 2017 · doi:10.1177/0145445516670838