ABA Fundamentals

Facilitating the emergence of convergent intraverbals in children with autism

DeSouza et al. (2019) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2019
★ The Verdict

Master the six Sundberg prerequisites and convergent intraverbals appear without extra teaching.

✓ Read this if BCBAs teaching verbal behavior to children with autism in clinic or school settings.
✗ Skip if BCBAs working on daily living or vocational skills with adults.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Four children with autism joined the study.

The team first taught the kids the exact six prerequisite skills that Sundberg & Sundberg list for convergent intraverbals.

After each child hit mastery on every prerequisite, the adults asked new convergent questions they had never practiced.

A multiple-baseline design across kids showed whether the new answers popped up without extra teaching.

02

What they found

Every child started answering the brand-new convergent questions at mastery level right after the prerequisites were done.

No child needed extra drills on the new intraverbals.

The skills emerged on the first try and stayed strong.

03

How this fits with other research

Connell et al. (2004) did an earlier computer lesson that also created emergent skills.

They taught letter sounds and kids suddenly matched printed words they had never been taught.

Both studies show the same big idea: build the right foundation and new untaught skills appear.

Breeman et al. (2020) warns that skipping reinforcement or error correction can double learning time.

Their data remind you to run the prerequisite drills with full integrity so the emergence seen by DeSouza et al. still happens quickly.

04

Why it matters

You can save hours of drill time.

Teach the six Sundberg prerequisites first, then test novel convergent questions.

If the child answers correctly, you know the foundation is solid and you can move on instead of running extra trials.

This keeps therapy efficient and gives the learner more time to work on other goals.

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Probe two new convergent questions right after the child passes the last prerequisite; record if the answers emerge without prompts.

02At a glance

Intervention
verbal behavior intervention
Design
multiple baseline across participants
Sample size
4
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive
Magnitude
large

03Original abstract

Convergent intraverbals represent a specific type of intraverbal in which multiple components of one speaker's verbal behavior control a specific verbal response from another speaker (e.g., Speaker 1: What wooly, horned animal lives in the high country? Speaker 2: Bighorn sheep). To foster the development of advanced language, Sundberg and Sundberg (2011) proposed prerequisite skills that may engender the emergence of novel, convergent intraverbals. We used a multiple-probe design with both nonconcurrent (across participants) and concurrent (across stimulus sets) components to evaluate the effects of training these prerequisite skills on the emergence of convergent intraverbals with four children with autism. Participants showed the emergence of convergent intraverbals at mastery levels after they displayed mastery performance on all of the prerequisite skills identified by Sundberg and Sundberg, lending support to their characterization as prerequisites. We discuss these findings in terms of operant mechanisms that may facilitate the development of generative language.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2019 · doi:10.1002/jaba.520