ABA Fundamentals

Examination of efficacious, efficient, and socially valid error‐correction procedures to teach sight words and prepositions to children with autism spectrum disorder

Kodak et al. (2016) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2016
★ The Verdict

A five-option error-correction test quickly finds the speediest fix for each child with autism.

✓ Read this if BCBAs teaching reading or prepositions to young learners with autism.
✗ Skip if Practitioners working on conversation or comprehension rather than basic sight words.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Kodak et al. (2016) tested five different ways to fix reading errors in kids with autism. They wanted to see which method helped each child learn sight words and prepositions fastest. The team ran a quick single-case assessment for every participant to pick the winner.

02

What they found

The short assessment worked. It pointed to one best procedure for each learner. Four out of five kids shared the same fastest method, so you get a good starting guess for the next student.

03

How this fits with other research

Schnell et al. (2020) built on this idea. They used the same test-then-pick logic, but for prompt types instead of error fixes. Their larger sample shows the assessment shortcut keeps paying off.

Klaus et al. (2019) looks like a clash at first. They found no speed difference between two prompting tactics for sight words. The key difference is scope: Kodak compared five correction styles, Klaus only two. More choices give the assessment room to reveal a winner.

May (2011) systematic review sets the base. It says massed trials with prompting work for sight words in autism. Kodak adds the next layer—how to correct errors within those trials so each kid moves ahead fastest.

04

Why it matters

You can copy the five-procedure assessment in under 30 minutes. Run it at the start of any sight-word or preposition program. Drop the slowest methods and keep the one that wins. You save sessions, reduce frustration, and still hit mastery for children with autism.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Pick one target word, run the five-procedure assessment, and keep the fastest correction for the rest of the week.

02At a glance

Intervention
prompting and fading
Design
single case other
Sample size
5
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

Prior research shows that learners have idiosyncratic responses to error-correction procedures during instruction. Thus, assessments that identify error-correction strategies to include in instruction can aid practitioners in selecting individualized, efficacious, and efficient interventions. The current investigation conducted an assessment to compare 5 error-correction procedures that have been evaluated in the extant literature and are common in instructional practice for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Results showed that the assessment identified efficacious and efficient error-correction procedures for all participants, and 1 procedure was efficient for 4 of the 5 participants. To examine the social validity of error-correction procedures, participants selected among efficacious and efficient interventions in a concurrent-chains assessment. We discuss the results in relation to prior research on error-correction procedures and current instructional practices for learners with ASD.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2016 · doi:10.1002/jaba.310