ABA Fundamentals

Acquisition of matching to sample via mediated transfer.

Sidman et al. (1974) · Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior 1974
★ The Verdict

Teach two related conditional discriminations and the third can emerge without direct training—useful for building reading networks.

✓ Read this if BCBAs teaching language or reading to learners with intellectual disability
✗ Skip if Practitioners only running discrete trial drills with no plan for emergent relations

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Two adults with Down syndrome joined a matching game. The trainer first taught B-A matches, then C-B matches. No one ever practiced C-A matches.

The team wanted to see if the third link would appear on its own. They called this hidden jump 'mediated transfer.'

02

What they found

Both learners quickly chose the correct C-A pairs without training. The untaught relation popped out like a bonus skill.

The result showed that two taught links can weave a three-part network in the mind.

03

How this fits with other research

Preston (1994) ran the same logic with neuro-typical adults and a child. Emergence was even faster, proving the effect holds across populations.

LeFrancois et al. (1993) added a 5-second delay before the sample. The tweak cut errors in half for adults with ID, giving you a smoother way to build equivalence.

Hansen et al. (1989) seems to disagree. They had to drill simple parts first or matching failed. The gap is about method: M et al. chained two relations, J et al. broke the task into tiny pieces. Both paths work, but mediated transfer skips the drill when learners can handle bigger steps.

04

Why it matters

You can grow reading sets, sign sets, or social networks without teaching every last pair. Train A-B and B-C, then test for A-C and celebrate the free skill. Start tomorrow: pick six pictures, six printed words, and six spoken words. Teach picture-to-word and word-to-sound, then watch the picture-to-sound matches appear without extra trials.

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→ Action — try this Monday

Run B-A and C-B matching trials today, then probe C-A tomorrow to see if the untaught relation emerges

02At a glance

Intervention
stimulus equivalence training
Design
single case other
Sample size
2
Population
down syndrome
Finding
positive

03Original abstract

Two severely retarded Down's-syndrome boys learned a matching-to-sample performance through mediated transfer. The transfer paradigm involved three sets of stimuli, one auditory set (A) and two visual sets (B and C). The subjects were taught directly to do B-A and C-B matching, but experienced no direct association between C and A. They acquired the ability to do C-A matching without having been taught that performance directly. They also learned indirectly to name some of the visual stimuli, but naming was apparently not the mediator in the emergent C-A matching. The use of words and letters as stimuli highlighted the possible relevance of mediated associations in the indirect acquisition of elementary reading comprehension and oral reading. The acquisition of matching via mediated transfer also raised some new considerations concerning the role of coding responses in arbitrary matching to sample.

Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior, 1974 · doi:10.1901/jeab.1974.22-261