ABA Fundamentals

A sorting‐to‐matching method to teach compound matching to sample

Farber et al. (2016) · Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 2016
★ The Verdict

Start with picture sorting and fade it into compound matching to teach kids with autism to watch both parts of a stimulus pair.

✓ Read this if BCBAs teaching conditional discrimination or stimulus equivalence to young learners with autism.
✗ Skip if Practitioners who only run simple identity matching or work with verbal adults.

01Research in Context

01

What this study did

Five children with autism needed to learn compound matching. The team did not start with regular matching. They started with sorting.

Kids first sorted pictures into trays. Next they matched pairs while the trays stayed in view. Steps slowly faded until kids did pure tabletop matching. The whole chain took five moves.

02

What they found

Every child hit at least 95 % correct on compound matching after the sorting-to-matching chain. No extra drills were needed.

03

How this fits with other research

Bennett et al. (1973) saw the opposite. Pigeons did worse when samples were compound. The bird task showed one picture, then another, then choices. Farber’s kids moved real cards and saw both parts together. Species and method explain the clash.

LeFrancois et al. (1993) showed that college students form new equivalence relations after compound-sample training. Farber extends that idea downward to young kids with autism and adds the sorting bridge.

Clarke et al. (1998) also used compound matching with people who have intellectual disability. They taught vowel and consonant classes. Both studies prove compound cues work when you give enough structure.

04

Why it matters

If a child with autism keeps failing compound matching, do not jump to simpler trials. Run the five-step sorting chain first. Let the child handle the cards, see the pairs, and slowly drop the prompts. You may save hours of error correction later.

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Place three compound picture pairs on the table and have the child sort them into trays, then remove the trays step by step across trials.

02At a glance

Intervention
prompting and fading
Design
single case other
Sample size
5
Population
autism spectrum disorder
Finding
strongly positive
Magnitude
very large

03Original abstract

Individuals with developmental disabilities may fail to attend to multiple features in compound stimuli (e.g., arrays of pictures, letters within words) with detrimental effects on learning. Participants were 5 children with autism spectrum disorders who had low to intermediate accuracy scores (35% to 84%) on a computer-presented compound matching task. Sample stimuli were pairs of icons (e.g., chair-tree), the correct comparison was identical to the sample, and each incorrect comparison had one icon in common with the sample (e.g., chair-sun, airplane-tree). A 5-step tabletop sorting-to-matching training procedure was used to teach compound matching. The first step was sorting 3 single pictures; subsequent steps gradually changed the task into compound matching. If progress stalled, tasks were modified temporarily to prompt observing behavior. Following the tabletop training, participants were retested on the compound matching task; accuracy improved to at least 95% for all children. This procedure illustrates one way to improve attending to multiple features of compound stimuli.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 2016 · doi:10.1002/jaba.290